Oloś Grzegorz, Dołhańczuk-Śródka Agnieszka
Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Opole University, Kominka Street 6, 45-032, Opole, Poland.
Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Opole University, Kominka Street 6, 45-032, Opole, Poland.
J Environ Radioact. 2022 Jul;248:106870. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.106870. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
For the first time changes in the Cs activity in game throughout Poland, including its most contaminated part known as the Opole Anomaly, were analyzed. Due to its long physical half-life, Cs continuously demonstrates high activity both in soil and biota. The species of game mammals, along with forest fruit and mushrooms, tend to accumulate this radionuclide, becoming one of the main sources of secondary contamination in people. In this study the Cs activity in roe deer, wild boar and red deer muscle tissue samples, within the years of 1986-2019, were studied. The effective and environmental half-lives were determined for each of the mentioned species for four regions including NE Poland and the Opole Anomaly placed in SW Poland. In all examined species at least two different phases of changes in the Cs activity were distinguished, therefore the values of effective half-lives for the researched period since the Chernobyl accident do not correspond with the values from within last ten years. It was proven for the first time that within the anomalous area, featuring the highest values of gamma surface activity in Poland, the Cs activity increases with time in the muscle tissues of all three species. No intraspecies, nor interspecies differences of Cs activity among the studied species were found. In the light of the collected data, monitoring game considering the Cs activity appears to be valid, as, due to not completely clear trophic dependencies, this radionuclide currently increased its migration to the game species despite passing its physical half-life period.
首次对波兰境内野生动物（包括其污染最严重的地区奥波莱异常区）体内铯活度的变化进行了分析。由于铯的物理半衰期很长，它在土壤和生物群中持续表现出高活度。野生动物物种以及森林水果和蘑菇往往会积累这种放射性核素，成为人类二次污染的主要来源之一。在本研究中，对1986年至2019年期间狍、野猪和马鹿肌肉组织样本中的铯活度进行了研究。确定了包括波兰东北部和位于波兰西南部的奥波莱异常区在内的四个地区上述每种物种的有效半衰期和环境半衰期。在所有被检查的物种中，至少区分出铯活度变化的两个不同阶段，因此自切尔诺贝利事故以来研究期间的有效半衰期值与过去十年内的值不相符。首次证明，在波兰伽马表面活度值最高的异常区域内，所有这三个物种肌肉组织中的铯活度随时间增加。在所研究的物种之间未发现铯活度的种内或种间差异。根据收集到的数据，鉴于营养依赖关系尚不完全清楚，尽管铯已过物理半衰期，但这种放射性核素目前仍增加了向野生动物物种的迁移，因此监测野生动物的铯活度似乎是有效的。
