Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Campus, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Campus, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Poult Sci. 2022 May;101(5):101813. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101813. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Fatty acid composition contributes greatly to the nutritional value of meat, and breeds/strains are important factors affecting the composition of fatty acid. Recently, few studies have focused on the fatty acid composition in breast muscle of different duck breeds. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to compare the fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism-related genes expression in breast muscle of Jianchang duck (J), Cherry Verry duck (CV) and 3 crossbred strains (BH1, BH2 and MC♂ × (BGF2♂ × GF2♀)♀ (MBG)). Our results showed that the breast muscle of J had the highest contents of C22:1(n-9) but the lowest ratios of Ʃ-omega 6 (Ʃn-6)/Ʃ-omega 3 (Ʃn-3), Ʃ-mono-unsaturated fatty acid (ƩMUFA)/Ʃ-saturated fatty acid (ƩSFA) and Ʃ-polyunsaturated fatty acid (ƩPUFA)/ƩSFA. The ƩPUFA/ƩSFA ratio was higher in breast muscle of MBG than in that of BH2 and CV, and the contents of C22:1(n-9), ƩMUFA and ƩPUFA were higher in BH1 than in BH2 and CV. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of SCD1, FADS2, ELOVL2, and ELOVL5 were significantly higher in MBG (P < 0.05), while those of FASD1 and ACACA were significantly higher in BH1 than in BH2 and CV (P < 0.05). Principal component analysis showed that fatty acids variation exhibited extensive positive loading on principal components (PCs). Correlation analysis showed that PC1 and PC3 of BH1, as well as PC1 of MBG were correlated with the mRNA levels of ACACA and FABP3, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that the breast muscles of MBG and BH1 have better fatty acid composition, which was closely related to the increased expression levels of SCD1, FADS2, ELOVL2, and ELOVL5 genes in MBG but FADS1 and ACACA in BH1. Moreover, these results also showed that crossbreeding could optimize the composition of fatty acid in breast muscle of ducks.
脂肪酸组成对肉的营养价值有很大影响，品种/品系是影响脂肪酸组成的重要因素。最近，很少有研究关注不同鸭品种胸肌中的脂肪酸组成。因此，本研究旨在比较建昌鸭（J）、樱桃谷鸭（CV）和 3 个杂交品种（BH1、BH2 和 MC♂×（BGF2♂×GF2♀）♀（MBG））胸肌中的脂肪酸组成和脂质代谢相关基因表达。结果表明，J 鸭胸肌中 C22:1(n-9)的含量最高，但 Ʃ-ω6（Ʃn-6）/Ʃ-ω3（Ʃn-3）、Ʃ-单不饱和脂肪酸（ƩMUFA）/Ʃ-饱和脂肪酸（ƩSFA）和 Ʃ-多不饱和脂肪酸（ƩPUFA）/ƩSFA 的比值最低。MBG 鸭胸肌中的 ƩPUFA/ƩSFA 比值高于 BH2 和 CV，BH1 鸭胸肌中的 C22:1(n-9)、ƩMUFA 和 ƩPUFA 含量高于 BH2 和 CV。此外，MBG 鸭的 SCD1、FADS2、ELOVL2 和 ELOVL5 的 mRNA 水平显著升高（P<0.05），而 BH1 鸭的 FASD1 和 ACACA 的 mRNA 水平显著高于 BH2 和 CV（P<0.05）。主成分分析表明，脂肪酸的变化与主成分（PC）呈广泛的正相关。相关性分析表明，BH1 的 PC1 和 PC3 以及 MBG 的 PC1 与 ACACA 和 FABP3 的 mRNA 水平分别相关。因此，可以得出结论，MBG 和 BH1 鸭的胸肌具有更好的脂肪酸组成，这与 MBG 中 SCD1、FADS2、ELOVL2 和 ELOVL5 基因表达水平的增加密切相关，而 BH1 中 FADS1 和 ACACA 基因表达水平的增加密切相关。此外，这些结果还表明，杂交可以优化鸭胸肌中脂肪酸的组成。
