Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street, 3Rd Floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA.
Yale Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, New Haven, CT, USA.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2022 Jul;239(7):2041-2061. doi: 10.1007/s00213-022-06120-w. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
Clinical studies suggest that women are more likely than men to relapse to alcohol drinking in response to stress; however, the mechanisms underlying this sex difference are not well understood. A number of preclinical behavioral models have been used to study stress-induced alcohol intake. Here, we review paradigms used to study effects of stress on alcohol intake in rodents, focusing on findings relevant to sex differences. To date, studies of sex differences in stress-induced alcohol drinking have been somewhat limited; however, there is evidence that amygdala-centered circuits contribute to effects of stress on alcohol seeking. In addition, we present an overview of inflammatory pathways leading to microglial activation that may contribute to alcohol-dependent behaviors. We propose that sex differences in neuronal function and inflammatory signaling in circuits centered on the amygdala are involved in sex-dependent effects on stress-induced alcohol seeking and suggest that this is an important area for future studies.
临床研究表明，女性在应对压力时比男性更有可能重新开始饮酒；然而，这种性别差异的机制尚不清楚。许多临床前行为模型被用于研究应激诱导的酒精摄入。在这里，我们回顾了用于研究应激对啮齿动物饮酒影响的范式，重点关注与性别差异相关的发现。迄今为止，应激诱导饮酒的性别差异研究有些有限；然而，有证据表明，杏仁核为中心的回路有助于应激对酒精寻求的影响。此外，我们还概述了导致小胶质细胞激活的炎症途径，这可能与酒精依赖行为有关。我们提出，杏仁核为中心的回路中神经元功能和炎症信号的性别差异参与了应激诱导的酒精寻求的性别依赖性影响，并表明这是未来研究的一个重要领域。
