Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Shanghai Bluecross Medical Science Institute, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Mar 4;10:848122. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.848122. eCollection 2022.
Early childhood fall is a pressing global public health problem and one of the leading causes of child injury. China has a high proportion of children and a high burden of illness from falls. Therefore, educational interventions to prevent childhood fall would be beneficial.
We used the outcome of knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire, which was conducted by Pudong New District of Shanghai Municipal Government, to summarize demographic and baseline characteristics grouped by intervention or not, and analyzed descriptive statistics of continuous and categorical variables. A logistic stepwise function model was established to study the influence of different covariables on the degree of injury, and AIC/BIC/AICC was used to select the optimal model. Finally, we carried out single-factor analysis and established a multifactor model by the stepwise function method.
Attitude and actual behavior scores had significant differences. The intervention and control groups had 20.79 ± 3.20 and 20.39 ± 2.89 attitude scores, respectively. Compared to the control group (5.97 ± 1.32), the intervention group had higher actual behavior scores (5.75 ± 1.50). In the univariate analysis results, fathers' education level, mothers' education level, actual behavior and what cares for children had a significant influence on whether children got injured. In multivariate analysis, attitude had a positive influence on whether injured [odds ratio: 1.13 (1.05-1.21), < 0.001].
Educational intervention for children and their guardians can effectively reduce the risk of childhood falls, and changes in behavior and attitude are the result of educational influence. Education of childhood fall prevention can be used as a public health intervention to improve children's health.
儿童早期跌倒在中国是一个紧迫的全球公共卫生问题，也是儿童受伤的主要原因之一。中国儿童数量多，跌倒导致的疾病负担重。因此，开展教育干预预防儿童跌倒将是有益的。
利用上海市浦东新区政府开展的知识、态度和实践问卷的结果，按干预和未干预分组，总结人口统计学和基线特征，对连续性和分类变量进行描述性统计。建立逻辑逐步函数模型，研究不同协变量对伤害程度的影响，并用 AIC/BIC/AICC 选择最优模型。最后进行单因素分析，并采用逐步函数法建立多因素模型。
态度和实际行为得分存在显著差异。干预组和对照组的态度得分为 20.79±3.20 和 20.39±2.89。与对照组（5.97±1.32）相比，干预组的实际行为得分更高（5.75±1.50）。单因素分析结果显示，父亲的受教育程度、母亲的受教育程度、实际行为和关心孩子的哪些方面对儿童是否受伤有显著影响。多因素分析中，态度对受伤有正向影响[比值比：1.13（1.05-1.21），<0.001]。
对儿童及其监护人进行教育干预可以有效降低儿童跌倒风险，行为和态度的改变是教育影响的结果。开展儿童跌倒预防教育可以作为改善儿童健康的公共卫生干预措施。
