Almomen Ali, Albaharna H, AlGhuneem Aishah A, AlZahir Batool Z
King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Qatif Central Hospital, MOH, Qatif, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Otolaryngol. 2022 Mar 22;2022:6721896. doi: 10.1155/2022/6721896. eCollection 2022.
Fungal ball sinusitis is a sinonasal fungus ball that usually affects immunocompetent adults with female predominance. The most affected sinus is the maxillary sinus. species is the most typically found fungus. Computed tomography (CT) scan is the gold standard tool in order to diagnose fungal ball sinusitis. The ultimate method for a fungal ball is functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), which has a high success rate and a low morbidity rate.
This study aims to demonstrate the various clinical presentations of fungal ball sinusitis including isolated maxillary sinus, sphenoid sinus, simultaneous occurrence of maxillary and sphenoid fungal ball, and post endonasal endoscopic pituitary surgery fungal ball with various age groups. Also, this study aims to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in such cases. . A retrospective study that was carried in the otorhinolaryngology department of two hospitals: King Fahad Specialist Hospital and Qatif Central Hospital, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted on a total of 16 patients who were diagnosed with paranasal sinuses fungal ball in an 11-year period from January 2008 and November 2019.
Out of 16 patients with paranasal sinuses fungal ball, 11 cases were female and 5 males, with age ranging between 16 and 46 years. Results showed eight isolated sphenoid (50%), six isolated maxillary fungal ball (38%), one simultaneous occurrence of the sphenoid and maxillary fungal ball (6%), and one post endonasal endoscopic pituitary surgery for pituitary adenoma (6%). CT scan was performed for all 16 cases which is the standard tool for the diagnosis of the fungal ball.
Fungal ball may present with variety of symptoms but most commonly with postnasal discharge (PND), headache, and facial pain. CT sinuses is the diagnostic radiological modality to confirm the diagnosis. The FESS functional endoscopic sinus surgery is the gold safe approach for patients with fungal ball to manage their symptoms, confirm the diagnosis, and removal of disease with no morbidities.
真菌球性鼻窦炎是一种鼻窦真菌球，通常影响免疫功能正常的成年人，女性居多。最常受累的鼻窦是上颌窦。曲霉菌是最常见的真菌种类。计算机断层扫描（CT）是诊断真菌球性鼻窦炎的金标准工具。治疗真菌球的最终方法是功能性鼻内镜鼻窦手术（FESS），其成功率高且发病率低。
本研究旨在展示真菌球性鼻窦炎的各种临床表现，包括孤立的上颌窦、蝶窦、上颌窦和蝶窦真菌球同时出现，以及不同年龄组的鼻内镜下垂体手术后真菌球。此外，本研究旨在强调在此类病例中早期诊断和治疗的重要性。在沙特阿拉伯东部地区的两家医院（法赫德国王专科医院和盖提夫中心医院）的耳鼻喉科进行了一项回顾性研究。该研究对2008年1月至2019年11年间共16例被诊断为鼻窦真菌球的患者进行。
16例鼻窦真菌球患者中，女性11例，男性5例，年龄在16至46岁之间。结果显示，孤立的蝶窦8例（50%），孤立的上颌窦真菌球6例（38%），蝶窦和上颌窦真菌球同时出现1例（6%），垂体腺瘤鼻内镜下垂体手术后真菌球1例（6%）。所有16例均进行了CT扫描，这是诊断真菌球的标准工具。
真菌球可能出现多种症状，但最常见的是鼻后滴漏（PND）、头痛和面部疼痛。鼻窦CT是确诊的诊断性影像学检查方法。FESS功能性鼻内镜鼻窦手术是治疗真菌球患者症状、确诊和清除疾病且无并发症的安全有效方法。
