Peng Man-Man, Ma Zhiying, Chen She-Ying, Luo Wei, Hu Shi-Hui, Yang Xin, Liu Bo, Chan Cecilia Lai-Wan, Ran Mao-Sheng
Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China.
Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
BJPsych Open. 2022 Apr 1;8(3):e78. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2022.45.
Little is known about how sociodemographic and clinical factors affect the caregiving burden of persons with schizophrenia (PwSs) with transition in primary caregivers.
This study aimed to examine the predictive effects of sociodemographic and clinical factors on the caregiving burden of PwSs with and without caregiver transition from 1994 to 2015 in rural China.
Using panel data, 206 dyads of PwSs and their primary caregivers were investigated in both 1994 and 2015. The generalised linear model approach was used to examine the predictive effects of sociodemographic factors, severity of symptoms and changes in social functioning on the caregiving burden with and without caregiver transition.
The percentages of families with and without caregiver transition were 38.8% and 61.2%, respectively. Among families without caregiver transition, a heavier burden was significantly related to a larger family size and more severe symptoms in PwSs. Deteriorated functioning of 'social activities outside the household' and improved functioning of 'activity in the household' were protective factors against a heavy caregiving burden. Among families with caregiver transition, younger age, improved marital functioning, deteriorated self-care functioning, and better functioning of 'social interest or concern' were significant risk factors for caregiving burden.
The effects of sociodemographic and clinical correlates on the caregiving burden were different among families with and without caregiver transition. It is crucial to explore the caregiver arrangement of PwSs and the risk factors for burden over time, which will facilitate culture-specific family interventions, community-based mental health services and recovery.
关于社会人口统计学和临床因素如何影响精神分裂症患者（PwSs）在主要照料者发生转变时的照料负担，目前所知甚少。
本研究旨在探讨1994年至2015年期间，社会人口统计学和临床因素对中国农村地区有照料者转变和无照料者转变的精神分裂症患者照料负担的预测作用。
利用面板数据，在1994年和2015年对206对精神分裂症患者及其主要照料者进行了调查。采用广义线性模型方法，检验社会人口统计学因素、症状严重程度和社会功能变化对有无照料者转变情况下照料负担的预测作用。
有照料者转变和无照料者转变的家庭比例分别为38.8%和61.2%。在无照料者转变的家庭中，较重的负担与家庭规模较大和精神分裂症患者症状更严重显著相关。“家庭外社交活动”功能恶化和“家庭内活动”功能改善是减轻照料负担的保护因素。在有照料者转变的家庭中，年龄较小、婚姻功能改善、自我照料功能恶化以及“社会兴趣或关注”功能较好是照料负担的显著风险因素。
社会人口统计学和临床相关因素对照料负担的影响在有照料者转变和无照料者转变的家庭中有所不同。随着时间的推移，探索精神分裂症患者的照料安排和负担的风险因素至关重要，这将有助于开展针对特定文化的家庭干预、社区心理健康服务和康复工作。
