Shams Nasim, Razavi Mahshid, Zabihzadeh Mansour, Shokuhifar Mohammadreza, Rakhshan Vahid
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Medical Physics, Medicine School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022 Apr 1;44(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s40902-022-00343-9.
Nasal septum deviation (NSD) can cause serious anatomical and clinical complications. It can change the breathing pattern and thus alter the anatomy of the airway structures. Despite its importance, the association between NSD with the nasopharynx volume (NPV) has not been assessed before. Therefore, we aimed to investigate it for the first time.
Archival CBCTs of 202 patients older than 17 years and without any history of trauma or pathology of the nasopharynx and without any orthodontic/orthognathic treatments were evaluated (129 women, 73 men, mean age: 36.24 ± 14.61 years). All included CBCTs must have been taken with a 12 × 8 field of view and fully covered the nasopharynx areas. The extent of NSD (°) and NPV (mm) were measured. NSDs were categorized as mild (NSD ˂ 9°), moderate (9 ≤ NSD ≤ 15°), and severe (NSD ˃ 15°). Associations between sex, age, NSD, and nasopharynx volume were assessed using independent-samples t test, chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Tamhane post hoc test, Pearson and point-biserial correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regressions (α = 0.05).
Mean NSDs were 11.27 ± 4.69° (range 1-19.5), 11.58 ± 4.63°, and 10.70 ± 4.76° in the sample, females, and males, respectively (P > 0.05). Of females, 27.9%, 40.3%, and 31.8% had mild, moderate, and severe NSDs. These were 35.6%, 39.7%, and 24.7% in males (P > 0.05). Mean NPVs were 4.88 ± 1.49, 4.80 ± 1.43, and 5.04 ± 1.60 mm in the sample, females, and males, respectively (P > 0.05). Mean NPVs were 6.41 ± 1.21, 4.87 ± 0.73, and 3.30 ± 0.65 mm in mild, moderate, and severe NSD groups (all P values = 0.000). Mean ages were 27.06 ± 6.49, 29.80 ± 9.64, and 54.73 ± 8.45 years in mild, moderate, and severe NSD groups (severe group being older than the other two groups, P = 0.000). NSD was strongly, negatively correlated with NPV (R = - 0.793, P = 0.000). Sex was not correlated with NPV or NSD (P ≥ 0.189). Age was negatively and positively correlated with NPV and NSD, respectively (P = 0.000). Modeling NSD (β = -0.776, P = 0.000) as a predictor for NPV rendered age effect insignificant (P > 0.05).
It was found, for the first time, that the more deviated the nasal septum, the smaller the nasopharynx volume. Aging might increase NSD and through it, reduce the nasopharynx volume. Sex might not affect NSD or NPV.
鼻中隔偏曲（NSD）可导致严重的解剖学和临床并发症。它会改变呼吸模式，进而改变气道结构的解剖形态。尽管其很重要，但此前尚未评估过NSD与鼻咽体积（NPV）之间的关联。因此，我们旨在首次对此进行研究。
对202例年龄大于17岁、无任何鼻咽部创伤或病变史且未接受过任何正畸/正颌治疗的患者的存档锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）进行评估（129名女性，73名男性，平均年龄：36.24±14.61岁）。所有纳入的CBCT扫描视野必须为12×8，并完全覆盖鼻咽区域。测量NSD的程度（°）和NPV（mm）。NSD分为轻度（NSD＜9°）、中度（9≤NSD≤15°）和重度（NSD＞15°）。使用独立样本t检验、卡方检验、单因素方差分析、Tamhane事后检验、Pearson相关系数和点二列相关系数以及多元线性回归评估性别、年龄、NSD和鼻咽体积之间的关联（α = 0.05）。
样本、女性和男性的平均NSD分别为11.27±4.69°（范围1 - 19.5）、11.58±4.63°和10.70±4.76°（P＞0.05）。女性中，27.9%、40.3%和31.8%患有轻度、中度和重度NSD。男性中分别为35.6%、39.7%和24.7%（P＞0.05）。样本、女性和男性的平均NPV分别为4.88±1.49、4.80±1.43和5.04±1.60 mm（P＞0.05）。轻度、中度和重度NSD组的平均NPV分别为6.41±1.21、4.87±0.73和3.30±0.65 mm（所有P值 = 0.000）。轻度、中度和重度NSD组的平均年龄分别为27.06±6.49、29.80±9.64和54.73±8.45岁（重度组比其他两组年龄大，P = 0.000）。NSD与NPV呈强负相关（R = - 0.793，P = 0.000）。性别与NPV或NSD均无相关性（P≥0.189）。年龄与NPV呈负相关，与NSD呈正相关（P = 0.000）。将NSD（β = - 0.776，P = 0.000）作为NPV的预测因子进行建模后，年龄效应不显著（P＞0.05）。
首次发现鼻中隔偏曲越严重，鼻咽体积越小。衰老可能会增加NSD，并由此减少鼻咽体积。性别可能不会影响NSD或NPV。
