Yue Le, Feng Yan, Ma Chuanxin, Wang Chuanxi, Chen Feiran, Cao Xuesong, Wang Jing, White Jason C, Wang Zhenyu, Xing Baoshan
Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi 214122, China.
ACS Nano. 2022 Apr 26;16(4):5636-5646. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10602. Epub 2022 Apr 1.
Nanomaterials (NMs) have demonstrated enormous potential to improve agricultural production. Ten mg L of customized manganese ferrite (MnFeO) NMs was selected as the optimal dose based on its outstanding effects on promoting tomato flowering and production. After the foliar application before flowering, MnFeO NMs increased the leaf chlorophyll content by 20 percent, and significantly upregulated the expressions of , , and in leaves, likely by serving as an electron donor, leading to a significant increase in photosynthesis efficiency by 13.3%. Long distance transport of sucrose was then confirmed by the upregulation of sucrose transporter and in NM-treated leaves and meristems. The genes associated with gibberellin biosynthesis, including , , and , and a flowering induction gene , were also significantly upregulated. Importantly, the flowering time was 13 days earlier by MnFeO NMs over the control. At the reproductive stage, MnFeO NMs increased pollen activity and ovule size, leading to the significant increase in fruit number per plant, single fruit weight, and fruit weight per plant by 50%, 30%, and 75%, respectively. Metabolically, a significant increase of glucose-6-phosphate, phenylalanine, rutin, and ascorbic acid (vitamin C), as well as a significant decrease of tomatine and methionine, demonstrates an increased nutritional value of the tomato fruits. A verified companion field experiment showed an increase of 84.1% in total tomato production with the MnFeO NM amendment. These findings provide support for the early flowering and yield improvement in nano-enabled agricultural systems.
纳米材料（NMs）已展现出提高农业产量的巨大潜力。基于定制的锰铁氧体（MnFeO）纳米材料对促进番茄开花和产量的显著效果，选择10毫克/升作为最佳剂量。在开花前进行叶面喷施后，MnFeO纳米材料使叶片叶绿素含量增加了20%，并显著上调了叶片中[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]、[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]和[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]的表达，可能是作为电子供体，导致光合作用效率显著提高了13.3%。随后，通过上调纳米材料处理的叶片和分生组织中蔗糖转运蛋白[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]和[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]，证实了蔗糖的长距离运输。与赤霉素生物合成相关的基因，包括[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]、[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]和[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]，以及一个开花诱导基因[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]也显著上调。重要的是，与对照相比，MnFeO纳米材料使开花时间提前了13天。在生殖阶段，MnFeO纳米材料提高了花粉活性和胚珠大小，导致单株果实数量、单果重量和单株果实重量分别显著增加了50%、30%和75%。在代谢方面，6-磷酸葡萄糖、苯丙氨酸、芦丁和抗坏血酸（维生素C）显著增加，而番茄碱和蛋氨酸显著减少，这表明番茄果实的营养价值有所提高。一项经过验证的田间对照试验表明，施用MnFeO纳米材料后番茄总产量提高了84.1%。这些发现为纳米农业系统中的提前开花和产量提高提供了支持。
