Huang Xiwei, Wang Xin, Liu Xingxing, Cheng Liping, Pan Jianqing, Yang Xiaoe
Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Agriculture Bureau of Changxing County, Huzhou 323000, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 May 17;13(10):1395. doi: 10.3390/plants13101395.
Limited research has focused on nanoparticle (NP) applications' impact on edible wheat parts in a field environment. Here, we studied the nutritional quality of edible parts of wheat ( L.) with a field experiment by spraying MnFeO nanoparticles. Wheat was foliar sprayed with 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L composite manganese ferrite (MnFeO) NPs during 220 d of a growth period. Ionic controls were prepared using the conventional counterparts (MnSO·HO and FeSO·7HO) to compare with the 100 mg/L MnFeO NPs. After three consecutive foliar applications, nanoparticles demonstrated a substantial elevation in grain yield and harvest index, exhibiting a noteworthy increase to 5.0 ± 0.12 t/ha and 0.46 ± 0.001 in the 100 mg/L NP dose, respectively, concomitant with a 14% enhancement in the grain number per spike. Fe, Mn, and Ca content in grain increased to 77 ± 2.7 mg/kg, 119 ± 2.8 mg/kg, and 0.32 ± 7.9 g/kg in the 100 mg/L NPs, respectively. Compared to the ion treatment, the 100 mg/L NP treatments notably boosts wheat grain crude protein content (from 13 ± 0.79% to 15 ± 0.58%) and effectively lowers PA/Fe levels (from 11 ± 0.7 to 9.3 ± 0.5), thereby improving Fe bioavailability. The VSM results exhibited a slight superparamagnetic behavior, whereas the grains and stems exhibited diamagnetic behavior. The results indicate that the nanomaterial did not accumulate in the grains, suggesting its suitability as an Fe and Mn-rich fertilizer in agriculture. Above all, the foliar application of nanocomposites increased the concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Ca in wheat grains, accompanied by a significant enhancement in grain yield. Therefore, the research results indicate that the foliar application of MnFeO NPs can positively regulate wheat grains' nutritional quality and yield.
有限的研究关注了纳米颗粒（NP）应用在田间环境中对可食用小麦部分的影响。在此，我们通过喷洒锰铁氧体纳米颗粒进行田间试验，研究了小麦（L.）可食用部分的营养品质。在220天的生长期间，对小麦进行叶面喷施0、25、50和100毫克/升的复合锰铁氧体（MnFeO）纳米颗粒。使用传统对应物（MnSO·HO和FeSO·7HO）制备离子对照，以与100毫克/升的MnFeO纳米颗粒进行比较。连续三次叶面喷施后，纳米颗粒使谷物产量和收获指数大幅提高，在100毫克/升纳米颗粒剂量下，分别显著增加到5.0±0.12吨/公顷和0.46±0.001，同时每穗粒数增加了14%。100毫克/升纳米颗粒处理下，谷物中的铁、锰和钙含量分别增加到77±2.7毫克/千克、119±2.8毫克/千克和0.32±7.9克/千克。与离子处理相比，100毫克/升纳米颗粒处理显著提高了小麦籽粒粗蛋白含量（从13±0.79%提高到15±0.58%），并有效降低了植酸/铁水平（从11±0.7降低到9.3±0.5），从而提高了铁的生物利用度。VSM结果显示出轻微的超顺磁行为，而籽粒和茎表现出抗磁行为。结果表明，纳米材料未在籽粒中积累，表明其适合作为农业中富含铁和锰的肥料。最重要的是，纳米复合材料的叶面喷施增加了小麦籽粒中铁、锰和钙的浓度，同时显著提高了籽粒产量。因此，研究结果表明，叶面喷施MnFeO纳米颗粒可以积极调节小麦籽粒的营养品质和产量。
