Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Mar;26(6):2179-2187. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202203_28366.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide since it has been first identified in November 2018. It is transmissible via air droplets from infected individuals. Close contact between dentists and patients has aggravated the pandemic situation in Russia. It is necessary to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19 during dental appointments by adhering to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations.
Questionnaires were developed to assess levels of COVID-19 infection and preventive measures in private and state-funded dental practices in Moscow and other cities in Russia. Two questionnaires were developed to assess the COVID-19 situation among dental professionals and their patients. The first, for dentists, included four domains: demographic data, signs, and symptoms of COVID-19 experienced by dentists, personal protective measures taken by dentists, and presence or absence of dental practice during the pandemic. For dentists' patients, the second included domains regarding their health status after their dental appointment. 1,500 questionnaires were sent to different cities and regions of Russia; 1,011 questionnaires (67.4%) were returned. We used statistical observation (monitoring) and clustering to analyze the data. The x2 was used to check the significance level.
We found a direct relationship between those patients who contracted COVID-19 after dental treatment by those dentists who did not follow recommended measures in the dental clinic. However, patients were less likely to become infected after dental treatment by those dentists who followed the measures, such as the disinfection of surfaces and dental equipment several times a day, the wearing of medical masks by all patients, and the airing of the dental office after each patient for 10 minutes.
Dentists wearing an FFP2 or FFP3 respirator, as well as a sterile disposable microfiber medical gown, prevented their patients from becoming infected with COVID-19 at dental appointments and, as a result, the spread of the virus. A key aspect of this study is its knowledge regarding preventive measures against COVID-19. The findings of this study can potentially help in formulating strategies to reduce the prevalence of COVID-19.
自 2018 年 11 月首次发现以来，2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已在全球迅速传播。它可通过感染者的飞沫传播。牙医与患者之间的密切接触加剧了俄罗斯的大流行情况。有必要通过遵守疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）和世界卫生组织（WHO）的建议，减少牙科预约时 COVID-19 的传播风险。
制定问卷以评估莫斯科和俄罗斯其他城市的私人和政府资助的牙科诊所的 COVID-19 感染水平和预防措施。制定了两份问卷来评估牙科专业人员及其患者的 COVID-19 情况。第一份针对牙医，包括四个领域：牙医经历的 COVID-19 的人口统计学数据、症状和体征、牙医采取的个人防护措施以及大流行期间是否进行牙科治疗。对于牙医的患者，第二份问卷包括有关他们在牙科就诊后健康状况的领域。向俄罗斯不同的城市和地区发送了 1500 份问卷，收回了 1011 份（67.4%）。我们使用统计观察（监测）和聚类来分析数据。x2 用于检查显著性水平。
我们发现，在未遵循牙科诊所推荐措施的牙医为患者进行牙科治疗后，这些患者中有人感染了 COVID-19。但是，在遵循措施的牙医为患者进行牙科治疗后，患者感染的可能性较小，例如每天多次对表面和牙科设备进行消毒，所有患者佩戴医用口罩，以及每位患者治疗后 10 分钟对牙科诊室通风。
牙医佩戴 FFP2 或 FFP3 呼吸器以及一次性无菌微纤维医用罩衣可防止其患者在牙科就诊时感染 COVID-19，从而阻止病毒传播。本研究的一个关键方面是其对 COVID-19 预防措施的了解。本研究的结果可能有助于制定减少 COVID-19 流行的策略。
