Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Nov;43(11):2789-2806. doi: 10.1038/s41401-022-00886-7. Epub 2022 Apr 1.
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), including NLRAs, NLRBs (also known as NAIPs), NLRCs, and NLRPs, are a major subfamily of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Owing to a recent surge in research, NLRs have gained considerable attention due to their involvement in mediating the innate immune response and perpetuating inflammatory pathways, which is a central phenomenon in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including renal diseases. NLRs are expressed in different renal tissues during pathological conditions, which suggest that these receptors play roles in acute kidney injury, obstructive nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, crystal nephropathy, uric acid nephropathy, and renal cell carcinoma, among others. This review summarises recent progress on the functions of NLRs and their mechanisms in the pathophysiological processes of different types of renal diseases to help us better understand the role of NLRs in the kidney and provide a theoretical basis for NLR-targeted therapy for renal diseases.
核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体（NLRs），包括 NLRAs、NLRBs（也称为 NAIPs）、NLRCs 和 NLRPs，是模式识别受体（PRRs）的主要亚家族。由于最近研究的激增，NLRs 由于其在介导先天免疫反应和维持炎症途径中的作用而受到极大关注，这是多种疾病发病机制中的一个中心现象，包括肾脏疾病。在病理条件下，NLRs 在不同的肾脏组织中表达，这表明这些受体在急性肾损伤、梗阻性肾病、糖尿病肾病、IgA 肾病、狼疮肾炎、结晶肾病、尿酸肾病和肾细胞癌等疾病中发挥作用。本综述总结了 NLRs 的功能及其在不同类型肾脏疾病病理生理过程中的机制的最新进展，以帮助我们更好地理解 NLRs 在肾脏中的作用，并为肾脏疾病的 NLR 靶向治疗提供理论基础。
