Frosini Maria, Marcolongo Paola, Gamberucci Alessandra, Tamasi Gabriella, Pardini Alessio, Giunti Roberta, Fiorenzani Paolo, Aloisi Anna Maria, Rossi Claudio, Pessina Federica
Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Pathophysiology. 2021 Mar 18;28(1):189-201. doi: 10.3390/pathophysiology28010012.
Behavioral disorders affect millions of people worldwide. Hypertension contributes to both the development and progression of brain damage and cognitive dysfunction and could represent the most powerful modifiable risk factor for cerebral vessel dysfunction and consequent behavioral impairment. Tomato contains antioxidants and bioactive molecules that might play an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular and brain diseases. The effects of the combined gel and serum from L. var. "Camone" tomatoes and those of purified tomato glycoalkaloids (tomatine) and an antihypertensive drug (captopril) were investigated in male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and compared with normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Body weight, systolic blood pressure, behavioral parameters, as well as brain susceptibility to oxidative stress and brain cytokine contents, were assessed. Treating hypertensive rats with tomato gel/serum or captopril for four weeks caused a significant reduction in blood pressure, decreased locomotor activity and increased grooming behavior; the last two parameters were also significantly affected by tomatine treatment. Brain slices obtained from hypertensive rats treated with tomato gel/serum were more resistant to oxidative stress and contained lower levels of inflammatory cytokines than vehicle-treated ones. In contrast, tomatine treatment had no effect. In conclusion, the tomato-derived gel/serum can be considered a dietary supplement able to drive in vivo blood pressure towards healthier values and also control some central effects such as behavior and brain oxidative stress.
行为障碍影响着全球数百万人。高血压会导致脑损伤和认知功能障碍的发生与发展，并且可能是导致脑血管功能障碍及随之而来的行为损害的最主要可改变风险因素。番茄含有抗氧化剂和生物活性分子，它们可能在预防心血管疾病和脑部疾病方面发挥重要作用。研究了来自“卡莫内”番茄变种的凝胶和血清混合物、纯化的番茄糖苷生物碱（番茄碱）以及一种抗高血压药物（卡托普利）对雄性自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）的影响，并与正常血压的Wistar Kyoto（WKY）大鼠进行比较。评估了体重、收缩压、行为参数，以及大脑对氧化应激的易感性和脑内细胞因子含量。用番茄凝胶/血清或卡托普利治疗高血压大鼠四周后，血压显著降低，运动活动减少，梳理行为增加；后两个参数也受到番茄碱治疗的显著影响。与用赋形剂处理的大鼠相比，用番茄凝胶/血清处理的高血压大鼠的脑切片对氧化应激更具抵抗力，且炎症细胞因子水平更低。相比之下，番茄碱治疗没有效果。总之，源自番茄的凝胶/血清可被视为一种膳食补充剂，它能够使体内血压趋向更健康的值，还能控制一些中枢效应，如行为和脑氧化应激。
