Sowińska-Przepiera Elżbieta, Starzyński Dariusz, Syrenicz Anhelli, Dziuba Ireneusz, Wiszniewska Barbara, Rzeszotek Sylwia
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University (PMU), 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, 40-555 Katowice, Poland.
Pathophysiology. 2021 Aug 27;28(3):373-386. doi: 10.3390/pathophysiology28030025.
A mature teratoma is a germinal neoplasm that differentiates from embryonic multipotent cells into three germ layers. There may also be glandular tissue. The literature describes a total of 658 cases of ovarian neuroendocrine neoplasms, mainly in women over 40 years of age. The authors, together with a systemic review, present a case of a 16-year-old girl diagnosed with and treated for a neuroendocrine tumor. Case description: A 16-year-old girl visited the Paediatric Gynaecology Outpatient Clinic because of abdominal pains that intensified during menstruation. Standard painkillers and diastolic drugs were ineffective. An ultrasound examination revealed a large tumor with a heterogeneous structure in her right ovary. A sparing operation was carried out. During laparotomy, the lesion was enucleated, leaving healthy tissue. Histopathological examination revealed the typical features of teratoma, as well as the coexistence of a G1 neuroendocrine tumor. Immunohistochemical examination (IHC) showed the presence of markers characteristic for this type of tumor. The patient requires constant monitoring in the Endocrinology and Oncological Gynaecology Clinic. Conclusion: Tissue of neuroendocrine neoplasm within a teratoma is rare in this age group of patients; thus, there are currently no standards for long-term follow-up. This case adds to the body of evidence and demonstrates a possible good prognosis with non-aggressive behavior in G1 neuroendocrine tumors and teratomas in young patients.
成熟畸胎瘤是一种生殖细胞肿瘤，由胚胎多能细胞分化为三个胚层。肿瘤内也可能存在腺组织。文献报道了658例卵巢神经内分泌肿瘤病例，主要发生在40岁以上的女性。作者结合一项系统综述，报告了1例16岁女孩被诊断并接受神经内分泌肿瘤治疗的病例。病例描述：一名16岁女孩因经期腹痛加剧就诊于儿科妇科门诊。标准止痛药和舒张药均无效。超声检查发现其右卵巢有一个结构不均一的大肿瘤。遂行保留性手术。剖腹手术时，将病变组织摘除，保留健康组织。组织病理学检查显示为典型的畸胎瘤特征，同时并存G1级神经内分泌肿瘤。免疫组织化学检查（IHC）显示存在此类肿瘤的特征性标志物。该患者需要在内分泌科和肿瘤妇科门诊进行持续监测。结论：畸胎瘤内神经内分泌肿瘤组织在该年龄组患者中罕见；因此，目前尚无长期随访的标准。本病例补充了证据，并表明年轻患者的G1级神经内分泌肿瘤和畸胎瘤若行为不具侵袭性可能预后良好。
