Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.
Environ Res. 2022 Sep;212(Pt A):113212. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113212. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
Nine amine species in atmospheric particles during haze and low-pollution days with low and high relative humidity (RH) were analyzed in urban Guangzhou, China. The mean concentrations of total measured amines (Ʃamines) in fine particles were 208 ± 127, 63.7 ± 21.3, and 120 ± 20.1 ng m during haze, low pollution-low RH (LP-LRH), and low pollution-high RH (LP-HRH) episodes, respectively. The dominant amine species were methylamine (MA), dimethylamine (DMA), diethylamine (DEA) and dibutylamine (DBA), which in total accounted for 82-91% of the Ʃamines during different pollution episodes. The contributions of Ʃamines-C to water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and Ʃamines-N to water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) were 1.52% and 2.49% during haze, 1.24% and 1.96% during LP-LRH, and 2.00 and 2.98% during LP-HRH days, respectively. The mass proportion of Ʃamines in fine particles was higher during LP-HRH periods (0.19%) than during haze and LP-LRH periods (0.16%). The mass proportion of DBA in Ʃamines increased from 7% during haze and LP-LRH episodes to 25% during LP-HRH episodes. Compared with other amines, DBA showed a stronger linear relationship with RH (r = 0.867, p < 0.01), which demonstrates its high sensitivity to high RH conditions. Meteorological parameters (including RH, the mixed layer depth, wind speed and temperature), the oxidizing capacity (ozone concentration), and gaseous pollutants (NO and SO) correlated with amines under different pollution conditions. Under high RH, acid-base reactions were the dominant pathway for the gas-to-particle distribution of amines in urban areas, while direct dissolution dominated in the background site. To our knowledge, this study is the first attempt to conduct in situ measurements of particulate amines during different pollution conditions in China, and further research is needed to in-depth understanding of the influence of amines on haze formation.
在中国广州市，分析了相对湿度（RH）低和高的阴霾和低污染日大气颗粒物中的 9 种胺类物质。细颗粒物中总测量胺类（∑amines）的平均浓度在阴霾、低污染-低 RH（LP-LRH）和低污染-高 RH（LP-HRH）期间分别为 208±127、63.7±21.3 和 120±20.1ng/m3。主要的胺类物质是甲胺（MA）、二甲胺（DMA）、二乙胺（DEA）和二丁基胺（DBA），它们在不同污染期间共占∑amines 的 82-91%。∑amines-C 对水溶性有机碳（WSOC）和∑amines-N 对水溶性有机氮（WSON）的贡献在阴霾期间分别为 1.52%和 2.49%，在 LP-LRH 期间分别为 1.24%和 1.96%，在 LP-HRH 期间分别为 2.00%和 2.98%。在 LP-HRH 期间，细颗粒物中∑amines 的质量比例（0.19%）高于阴霾和 LP-LRH 期间（0.16%）。DBA 在∑amines 中的质量比例从阴霾和 LP-LRH 期间的 7%增加到 LP-HRH 期间的 25%。与其他胺类物质相比，DBA 与 RH 呈更强的线性关系（r=0.867，p<0.01），这表明其对高 RH 条件具有较高的敏感性。气象参数（包括 RH、混合层深度、风速和温度）、氧化能力（臭氧浓度）和气态污染物（NO 和 SO）与不同污染条件下的胺类物质相关。在高 RH 条件下，酸碱反应是胺类在城市地区从气相到颗粒相分配的主要途径，而在背景站点则以直接溶解为主。据我们所知，这项研究是首次在中国不同污染条件下对颗粒物胺类进行现场测量的尝试，需要进一步研究以深入了解胺类对霾形成的影响。
