Amaral Inês M, Hofer Alex, El Rawas Rana
Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2022 Mar 18;16:856675. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.856675. eCollection 2022.
Many studies have implicated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in drug-rewarding properties. Yet, only few investigated whether ERK also mediates the naturally rewarding stimuli. In this study, we compared ERK activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after cocaine reward and after positive social interaction (SI) with a partner-reward in male rats. With our protocol, ERK phosphorylation in the NAc was not increased after cocaine reward. In addition, the interaction with a social partner did not alter ERK activation in the NAc. These results suggest that ERK in the NAc may not be involved in natural reward learning. SI in an alternative context to the one associated with drugs of abuse can abolish drug preference. Given that intra-NAc core ERK inhibition impaired the expression of cocaine preference, we wanted to investigate whether the protective effects of SI when an individual is allowed to interact with a social partner in an alternative context to the one associated with drugs during the learning phase are enhanced by ERK inhibition. For that, U0126 was bilaterally infused into the NAc core of rats conditioned with cocaine in one context and with SI in the opposite context before assessing the expression of reward-related learning. Intra-NAc core ERK inhibition was ineffective to impair the expression of drug reward as previously demonstrated, when a social partner was available in an alternative context. Thus, the effects of the pharmacological manipulations based on decreasing ERK activity are not cumulative to other treatments for drug addiction based on SI.
许多研究表明细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)与药物奖赏特性有关。然而,只有少数研究调查了ERK是否也介导自然奖赏刺激。在本研究中,我们比较了雄性大鼠在可卡因奖赏后以及与同伴进行积极社交互动(SI)获得同伴奖赏后伏隔核(NAc)中的ERK激活情况。按照我们的实验方案,可卡因奖赏后NAc中的ERK磷酸化并未增加。此外,与社交伙伴的互动并未改变NAc中的ERK激活。这些结果表明,NAc中的ERK可能不参与自然奖赏学习。在与滥用药物相关情境不同的另一种情境下进行SI可以消除药物偏好。鉴于伏隔核核心区ERK抑制会损害可卡因偏好的表达,我们想研究在学习阶段允许个体在与药物相关情境不同的另一种情境下与社交伙伴互动时,ERK抑制是否会增强SI的保护作用。为此,在评估奖赏相关学习的表达之前,将U0126双侧注入在一种情境下用可卡因进行条件化、在相反情境下用SI进行条件化的大鼠的伏隔核核心区。如先前所示,当在另一种情境下有社交伙伴时,伏隔核核心区ERK抑制对损害药物奖赏的表达无效。因此,基于降低ERK活性的药理学操作的效果不会累积到基于SI的其他药物成瘾治疗方法上。