Department of Nephrology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut.
Center for Kidney Disease, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Kidney360. 2020 Sep 3;1(11):1319-1327. doi: 10.34067/KID.0003782020. eCollection 2020 Nov 25.
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine protein kinase, is crucial in regulating cell growth, metabolism, proliferation, and survival. Under physiologic conditions, mTOR signaling maintains podocyte and tubular cell homeostasis. In AKI, activation of mTOR signaling in tubular cells and interstitial fibroblasts promotes renal regeneration and repair. However, constitutive activation of mTOR signaling in kidneys results in the initiation and progression of glomerular hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. Here, we summarize the recent studies about mTOR signaling in renal physiology and injury, and discuss the possibility of its use as a therapeutic target for kidney diseases.
哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶，在调节细胞生长、代谢、增殖和存活方面起着至关重要的作用。在生理条件下，mTOR 信号通路维持着足细胞和管状细胞的内稳态。在急性肾损伤（AKI）中，mTOR 信号通路在肾小管细胞和间质成纤维细胞中的激活促进了肾脏的再生和修复。然而，肾脏中 mTOR 信号通路的持续激活会导致肾小球肥大、间质纤维化、多囊肾病和肾细胞癌的发生和进展。在这里，我们总结了关于 mTOR 信号通路在肾脏生理和损伤中的最新研究，并讨论了将其作为肾脏疾病治疗靶点的可能性。
