College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, National Center of Space Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2022 Jun;135(6):1879-1891. doi: 10.1007/s00122-022-04081-4. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
A superior allele of wheat gene TaGL3.3-5B was identified and could be used in marker-assisted breeding in wheat. Identifying the main genes which mainly regulate the yield-associated traits can significantly increase the wheat production. In this study, gene TaGL3.3 was cloned from common wheat according to the sequence of OsPPKL3. A SNP in the 8th exon of TaGL3.3-5B, T/C in coding sequence (CDS), which resulted in an amino acid change (Val/Ala), was identified between the low 1000-kernel weight (TKW) wheat Chinese Spring and the high TKW wheat Xinong 817 (817). Subsequently, association analysis in the mini-core collection (MCC) and the recombinant inbred lines (RIL) revealed that the allele TaGL3.3-5B-C (from 817) was significantly correlated with higher TKW. The high frequency of TaGL3.3-5B-C in the Chinese modern wheat cultivars indicated that it was selected positively in wheat breeding programs. The overexpression of TaGL3.3-5B-C in Arabidopsis resulted in shorter pods and longer grains than those of wild-type counterparts. Additionally, TaGL3.3 expressed a tissue-specific pattern in wheat as revealed by qRT-PCR. We also found that 817 showed higher expression of TaGL3.3 than that in Chinese Spring (CS) during the seed development. These results demonstrate that TaGL3.3 plays an important role in the formation of seed size and weight. Allele TaGL3.3-5B-C is associated with larger and heavier grains that are beneficial to wheat yield improvement.
从普通小麦中根据 OsPPKL3 的序列克隆出 TaGL3.3 基因。在低千粒重（TKW）小麦中国春和高 TKW 小麦新麦 817（817）之间，在 TaGL3.3-5B 的第 8 外显子中发现了一个 SNP，即编码序列（CDS）中的 T/C，导致氨基酸发生变化（Val/Ala）。随后，在微型核心群体（MCC）和重组自交系（RIL）中的关联分析表明，等位基因 TaGL3.3-5B-C（来自 817）与较高的 TKW 显著相关。中国现代小麦品种中 TaGL3.3-5B-C 的高频率表明它在小麦育种计划中被积极选择。在拟南芥中过表达 TaGL3.3-5B-C 导致荚果变短，粒长变长，而野生型则相反。此外，qRT-PCR 显示 TaGL3.3 在小麦中表现出组织特异性表达模式。我们还发现，在种子发育过程中，817 表达的 TaGL3.3 比中国春（CS）高。这些结果表明 TaGL3.3 在种子大小和重量的形成中起着重要作用。等位基因 TaGL3.3-5B-C 与更大、更重的粒有关，有利于提高小麦产量。
