Department of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2022 Nov;151(11):2957-2962. doi: 10.1037/xge0001213. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
Though speakers and listeners monitor communication success, they systematically overestimate it. We report an extreme illusion of understanding that exists even without shared language. Native Mandarin Chinese speakers overestimated how well native English-speaking Americans understood what they said in Chinese, even when they were informed that the listeners knew no Chinese. These listeners also believed they understood the intentions of the Chinese speakers much more than they actually did. This extreme illusion impacts theories of speech monitoring and may be consequential in real-life, where miscommunication is costly. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
尽管说话者和听话者会监控交流的成功与否，但他们会系统地高估交流的效果。我们报告了一种即使在没有共同语言的情况下仍然存在的极端误解现象。以汉语为母语的中国人高估了以英语为母语的美国人理解他们所说的汉语的程度，即使他们被告知听话者不懂中文。这些听众还认为他们比实际更能理解汉语说话者的意图。这种极端的错觉会影响到言语监控理论，在现实生活中，这种误解是代价高昂的。
