College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
J Chromatogr A. 2022 May 24;1671:462994. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462994. Epub 2022 Mar 26.
A novel mixed-mode weak cation-exchange sorbent (PS-DVB-WCX-II) was prepared by the modification of polystyrene-divinylbenzene with mercaptosuccinic acid for the selective extraction of illicit drugs in environmental water. The PS-DVB-WCX-II was synthesized through the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction on the surface of polystyrene-divinylbenzene, followed by nucleophilic substitution reaction and thiol-ene click reaction. The sorbent can selectively absorb illicit drugs through the reverse-phase interactions provided by benzene ring on the polymer backbone and the ion-exchange interactions provided by functional group (-COOH). As compared with the extraction performance of three commercial SPE cartridges, it was found that the prepared sorbent had better adsorption performance with the recovery values between 84.1% and 106.0% for the selected 11 illicit drugs under the optimized SPE conditions. Illicit drugs in environmental water were extracted by the sorbent, prior to the detection of UHPLC-MS/MS. Two quantitative methods were established respectively for the detection of 11 illicit drugs in different matrices of river water and wastewater. Both methods had good determination coefficient (r>0.992) in the range of 0.5-50 ng/L, 2.5-250 ng/L, 5-500 ng/L, and low limits of detection (S/N = 3) of 0.17-1.67 ng/L. In the real wastewater samples, the concentration of morphine was 18.3-126.3 ng/L, and the methamphetamine was 12.7-27.4 ng/L. Meanwhile, PS-DVB-WCX-II was compared with Oasis MCX and Oasis HLB in the detection of real wastewater samples. The results revealed that PS-DVB-WCX-II and Oasis MCX had better performance in absorbing methamphetamine than Oasis HLB, and PS-DVB-WCX-II had better ability to remove the matrix. The results suggested that the prepared weak cation-exchange sorbent had the potential in the application of illicit drug detection in environmental water.
一种新型混合模式弱阳离子交换固相萃取剂（PS-DVB-WCX-II），是通过巯基琥珀酸对聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯进行修饰合成的，用于选择性萃取环境水中的非法药物。PS-DVB-WCX-II 是通过聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯表面的 Friedel-Crafts 酰化反应、亲核取代反应和硫醇-烯点击反应合成的。该吸附剂通过聚合物主链上苯环提供的反相相互作用和功能基团（-COOH）提供的离子交换相互作用，选择性地吸附非法药物。与三种商业 SPE 小柱的萃取性能相比，在优化 SPE 条件下，所制备的吸附剂对 11 种所选非法药物的回收率在 84.1%至 106.0%之间，具有更好的吸附性能。环境水中的非法药物用该吸附剂萃取后，采用 UHPLC-MS/MS 进行检测。分别建立了两种定量方法，用于检测河水和废水中不同基质中 11 种非法药物。两种方法在 0.5-50ng/L、2.5-250ng/L、5-500ng/L 的范围内均具有良好的测定系数（r＞0.992）和较低的检测限（S/N=3），分别为 0.17-1.67ng/L。在实际废水样品中，吗啡的浓度为 18.3-126.3ng/L，甲基苯丙胺的浓度为 12.7-27.4ng/L。同时，将 PS-DVB-WCX-II 与 Oasis MCX 和 Oasis HLB 在实际废水样品的检测中进行了比较。结果表明，PS-DVB-WCX-II 和 Oasis MCX 对甲基苯丙胺的吸附性能优于 Oasis HLB，而 PS-DVB-WCX-II 对基质的去除能力更强。结果表明，所制备的弱阳离子交换固相萃取剂在环境水中非法药物检测中的应用具有潜力。
