Centro de Calidad Avícola y Alimentación Animal de la Comunidad Valenciana (CECAV), Castellón, Spain.
Centro de Calidad Avícola y Alimentación Animal de la Comunidad Valenciana (CECAV), Castellón, Spain; Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.
Poult Sci. 2022 May;101(5):101760. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101760. Epub 2022 Jan 30.
Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) is one of the most important viral diseases which causes important economic losses in poultry industry. This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence, prevalence, and variants of IBV in broilers, layers, and broiler breeders´ farms of Gallus gallus species in Eastern Spain. Thus, 29, 16, and 14 flocks of broilers, layers and broiler breeders, respectively were analyzed. To assess seroprevalence, sera samples were analyzed by ELISA. Tracheal swabs and tissue samples were tested by PCR to know the prevalence and detect specific variants. An IBV seroprevalence of 100% was detected in the 3 productive orientations. According to PCR results, a prevalence of 38% in broilers, 44% in layers and 43% in broiler breeders was obtained. The variant-specific RT-PCR analysis showed that 4/91, Massachusetts, QX, Italy-02 and D274 strains were present in commercial flocks in eastern Spain, being 4/91 the most prevalent in all the productive orientations. In layers 100% of QX prevalence, 14% of Italy 02 and 14% of D274 was detected. Regarding broilers, a prevalence of 18% of Massachusetts strain was also detected. In contrast, in broiler breeders´ farms only 4/91 strain was found. In conclusion, our findings showed the presence of IBV in eastern Spain and the changing situation of the IBV variants´ prevalence, being different according to the productive orientation. The continuous emergence of new variants emphasizes the importance of continuous IBV monitoring in order to optimize vaccination strategies.
传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）是最重要的病毒性疾病之一，给家禽业造成了重大经济损失。本研究旨在评估东部西班牙的肉鸡、蛋鸡和种鸡养殖场中鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）的血清流行率、流行率和变体。因此，分析了 29 个肉鸡、16 个蛋鸡和 14 个种鸡群。为了评估血清流行率，使用 ELISA 分析血清样本。通过 PCR 检测气管拭子和组织样本，以了解流行率并检测特定变体。3 种生产方向的血清流行率均为 100%。根据 PCR 结果，肉鸡的流行率为 38%，蛋鸡的流行率为 44%，种鸡的流行率为 43%。变体特异性 RT-PCR 分析显示，4/91、马萨诸塞州、QX、意大利-02 和 D274 株存在于西班牙东部的商业鸡群中，4/91 株在所有生产方向中最普遍。在蛋鸡中，QX 的流行率为 100%，意大利 02 的流行率为 14%，D274 的流行率为 14%。关于肉鸡，还检测到马萨诸塞州株的流行率为 18%。相比之下，在种鸡场只发现了 4/91 株。总之，我们的研究结果表明 IBV 存在于西班牙东部，并且 IBV 变体的流行率不断变化，根据生产方向而有所不同。新变体的不断出现强调了持续监测 IBV 的重要性，以便优化疫苗接种策略。
