Schlereth Simona L, Gietzelt Caroline, Zwingelberg Sarah, Matthaei Mario, Bachmann Björn, Cursiefen Claus
Zentrum für Augenheilkunde, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50924, Köln, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologe. 2022 May;119(5):453-461. doi: 10.1007/s00347-022-01612-8. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
Due to the risk of amblyopia congenital and infantile corneal opacities have a narrow therapeutic window, frequently with a complex surgical treatment.
The present study gives an overview of the current treatment options for congenital and infantile corneal opacities.
The results of a literature search are presented and own clinical data and examples are shown.
In children ophthalmologic operations are surgically more demanding and the prognosis is generally worse. Surgical options include phototherapeutic keratectomy, crosslinking, corneal sutures, sectoral iridectomy, block excision and lamellar, penetrating, and auto-keratoplasty. An equally important part of the treatment is conservative treatment, when necessary with bandage lenses, glasses, contact lenses and occlusion.
Whenever possible treatment of congenital and infantile corneal opacities should be limited to the affected layers/areas. Nevertheless, children and parents have to be prepared for many examinations, sometimes with the patient under anesthesia and should be well-informed about the prognosis and the risks.
由于存在弱视风险，先天性和婴儿期角膜混浊的治疗窗口期狭窄，通常需要复杂的手术治疗。
本研究概述了先天性和婴儿期角膜混浊的当前治疗选择。
展示文献检索结果，并呈现自身临床数据及实例。
儿童眼科手术对手术操作要求更高，且总体预后更差。手术选择包括光治疗性角膜切削术、交联术、角膜缝合术、扇形虹膜切除术、整块切除术以及板层角膜移植术、穿透性角膜移植术和自体角膜移植术。治疗中同样重要的一部分是保守治疗，必要时使用绷带镜、眼镜、隐形眼镜和遮盖疗法。
只要有可能，先天性和婴儿期角膜混浊的治疗应局限于受影响的层/区域。然而，儿童及其家长必须为多次检查做好准备，有时患者需在麻醉状态下接受检查，并且应充分了解预后和风险。
