Wen Shuo-Yang, Qadir Javeria, Yang Burton B
Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ONT, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada.
Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ONT, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada.
Trends Mol Med. 2022 May;28(5):405-420. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.03.003. Epub 2022 Apr 2.
In recent years, significant attention has focused on circular RNA (circRNA) translation to determine its clinical significance. Cap-independent translation of circRNAs driven by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) or an N6-methyladenosine (mA)-containing short sequence is different from the canonical cap-dependent translation of linear mRNAs. New proteins or isoforms possessing novel physiological roles can be generated from translatable circRNAs. The present review describes the elements involved in circRNA translation, and the functions of the translated novel protein isoforms in human diseases. Bifunctional characteristics of translatable circRNAs exerted by the circRNAs and the translated proteins are also discussed. Furthermore, various molecular strategies that could be used as appropriate therapeutic options are proposed.
近年来，人们高度关注环状RNA（circRNA）的翻译，以确定其临床意义。由内部核糖体进入位点（IRES）或含N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）的短序列驱动的circRNA的不依赖帽子的翻译不同于线性mRNA的经典依赖帽子的翻译。可翻译的circRNA可以产生具有新生理功能的新蛋白质或异构体。本综述描述了circRNA翻译所涉及的元件，以及翻译后的新型蛋白质异构体在人类疾病中的功能。还讨论了可翻译的circRNA及其翻译的蛋白质所发挥的双功能特性。此外，还提出了各种可作为合适治疗选择的分子策略。
