Taylor K J, Morse S S, Rigsby C M, Bia M, Schiff M
Radiology. 1987 Jan;162(1 Pt 1):31-8. doi: 10.1148/radiology.162.1.3538150.
Renal allografts are subject to many vascular complications. Over a 2-year period, 334 duplex Doppler ultrasonographic (US) examinations were performed in 88 renal allograft recipients. Vascular occlusion on the basis of severe vascular rejection was documented in ten patients (11.4%) for a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Seven patients, for whom there was clinical and Doppler US evidence for renal artery stenosis, underwent angiography. A significant stenosis was confirmed and treated by angioplasty in four patients; one had an insignificant stenosis in an accessory artery, one had kinking of the renal vessels, and another had normal findings. The most reliable criteria for stenosis were a high-velocity jet exceeding 7.5 kHz and distal turbulence. One arteriovenous fistula was diagnosed by the presence of an intrarenal high-velocity jet. Duplex Doppler US is a useful, noninvasive, and portable initial procedure with which to screen patients for vascular complications of renal transplantation.
同种异体肾移植会出现多种血管并发症。在两年时间里，对88名同种异体肾移植受者进行了334次双功多普勒超声（US）检查。记录到10名患者（11.4%）因严重血管排斥反应导致血管闭塞，其敏感性和特异性均为100%。7名有临床及多普勒超声证据提示肾动脉狭窄的患者接受了血管造影。4名患者经证实存在明显狭窄并接受了血管成形术治疗；1名患者在副动脉中存在不明显狭窄，1名患者肾血管扭结，另1名患者检查结果正常。狭窄的最可靠标准是高速射流超过7.5 kHz且伴有远端湍流。通过肾内高速射流诊断出1例动静脉瘘。双功多普勒超声是一种有用、无创且便携的初步检查方法，可用于筛查肾移植患者的血管并发症。
