Liang Ying, Liu Niannian, Yang Le, Tang Jianjun, Wang Yinglong, Mei Meng
College of Computer and Information Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.
Department of Basic teaching, Jiangxi Business School, Nanchang, China.
Curr Genomics. 2021 Dec 31;22(7):485-495. doi: 10.2174/1389202922666210331130722.
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a non-coding molecule produced through alternative splicing of one or more exons of a gene in the presence of an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Its formation depends on complementary intron sequences on both sides of the circularized sequence. CircRNA functions as a sponge for miRNA, playing the role of the transcriptional regulator or potential biomarker. It has an impact on fetal growth and on synaptic facilitation in the brain. In this review, we illustrate biogenesis mechanisms, characteristics, and functions of cirRNAs. We also summarize methods using sequence feature and RNA next-generation sequencing data for circRNA prediction. Finally, we discuss the state of the research on circRNA in diseases, which will bring new contributions to future disease treatments.
环状RNA（circRNA）是一种非编码分子，在RNA诱导沉默复合体（RISC）存在的情况下，通过基因一个或多个外显子的可变剪接产生。其形成取决于环化序列两侧的互补内含子序列。CircRNA作为miRNA的海绵，发挥转录调节因子或潜在生物标志物的作用。它对胎儿生长和大脑中的突触促进有影响。在本综述中，我们阐述了circRNA的生物发生机制、特征和功能。我们还总结了利用序列特征和RNA下一代测序数据进行circRNA预测的方法。最后，我们讨论了circRNA在疾病研究中的现状，这将为未来的疾病治疗带来新的贡献。
