Mayes Michael, Salesky Madeleine, Lansdown Drew A
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sports Medicine & Shoulder Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 1500 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2022 Apr;15(2):53-64. doi: 10.1007/s12178-022-09744-9. Epub 2022 Apr 7.
This review examines the relationship between the baseball pitching motion and the kinetic chain. The goal was to determine the underlying causes of a deficiency in throwing mechanics throughout a throwing motion, and to provide an evidence-based approach on how to prevent injuries caused by a lack of proper mechanics. In doing so, we sought to provide a warm-up strategy that can be added to every baseball player's daily on-field routine that is tailored to each phase of the throwing motion.
To help minimize the risk of injury to overhead throwing athletes, a thorough understanding of the throwing motion is critical. Throwing a ball places extreme stress on the body, notably the shoulder and elbow joints. With a clear understanding of the biomechanics of throwing, we can develop an injury prevention routine to minimize unnecessary stresses throughout the kinetic chain. The throwing cycle is a complex motion that places various stresses throughout the thrower's body, from the ankle to the core, and from the back to the shoulder and elbow. A thorough understanding of the mechanics of this motion, along with specific exercises to target the specific actions of each phase, may allow for throwers, regardless of their age and experience, to minimize injury risk.
本综述探讨棒球投球动作与动力链之间的关系。目标是确定整个投球动作中投掷力学缺陷的根本原因，并提供一种基于证据的方法来预防因缺乏正确力学而导致的损伤。在此过程中，我们试图提供一种热身策略，该策略可添加到每个棒球运动员的日常场上训练中，并针对投球动作的每个阶段进行量身定制。
为了帮助最大限度地降低过头投掷运动员受伤的风险，透彻了解投球动作至关重要。投球会给身体带来极大压力，尤其是肩部和肘关节。清楚了解投掷的生物力学原理后，我们就能制定一套预防损伤的训练方法，以最大限度减少动力链中不必要的压力。投球周期是一个复杂的动作，会给投球者身体的各个部位带来各种压力，从脚踝到核心，从背部到肩部和肘部。透彻了解这个动作的力学原理，以及针对每个阶段特定动作的具体练习，可能会让投球者，无论年龄和经验如何，都能将受伤风险降至最低。
