Stahl Heidi J, Wu Anna K, Li Henry, Hu David, Liu Wei, Lam Suet Kam
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (Mss Stahl and Wu, Messrs Li and Hu, and Dr Lam); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (Ms Liu); Cleveland Clinic Children's, Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Lam); and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Lam).
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022;28(4):417-424. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001513. Epub 2022 Apr 5.
Despite comprising less than 6% of the US population, Asian individuals make up more than half of the approximately 1.6 million chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in the United States. The purpose of this investigation was to identify characteristics associated with HBV knowledge in this disproportionately affected population.
A cross-sectional, multilingual survey study using convenience sampling was conducted in a Midwestern urban city to collect information on respondents' demographics, health care access, and HBV knowledge. Hepatitis B virus knowledge was categorized into epidemiology, natural history, transmission, and vaccination. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation tests.
Of the 174 individuals who completed surveys, 139 (79.9%) were Asian. Characteristics of univariate analyses associated with higher knowledge scores included younger age (18-49 years), proficiency in reading English, college education, current employment status, physician using preferred language, last physician's visit in 2018 or prior, perceived lack of time to see a physician, use of emergency department, prior HBV vaccination, prior HBV testing, higher level of self-reported knowledge about HBV, and acquiring health information from the Internet, messaging applications, friends, and family (P < .05). In the multivariable analysis, shorter residency in the United States (0-10 years), current employment status, having heard of HBV, and confidence in their HBV knowledge were associated with higher knowledge scores.
Knowledge deficits existed in our study population regarding HBV transmission, vaccination, and epidemiology, while knowledge was higher regarding HBV natural history. Education efforts should be designed to improve knowledge deficits about HBV for individuals with risk factors using culturally sensitive Internet and social media platforms.
尽管亚洲人在美国人口中所占比例不到6%，但在美国约160万慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染者中，亚洲人占了一半以上。本调查的目的是确定在这个受影响程度不成比例的人群中与HBV知识相关的特征。
在中西部一个城市进行了一项采用便利抽样的横断面多语言调查研究，以收集受访者的人口统计学信息、医疗保健获取情况和HBV知识。HBV知识分为流行病学、自然史、传播和疫苗接种。使用Kruskal-Wallis和Spearman相关性检验对数据进行分析。
在完成调查的174人中，139人（79.9%）为亚洲人。单因素分析中与较高知识得分相关的特征包括年龄较小（18 - 49岁）、英语阅读能力熟练、大学教育程度、当前就业状况、医生使用首选语言、2018年或更早之前最后一次看医生、感觉没有时间看医生、使用急诊科、之前接种过HBV疫苗、之前进行过HBV检测、自我报告的关于HBV的知识水平较高，以及从互联网、即时通讯应用程序、朋友和家人那里获取健康信息（P < 0.05）。在多变量分析中，在美国居住时间较短（0 - 10年）、当前就业状况、听说过HBV以及对自己的HBV知识有信心与较高的知识得分相关。
我们的研究人群在HBV传播、疫苗接种和流行病学方面存在知识缺陷，而在HBV自然史方面知识水平较高。应设计教育措施，利用具有文化敏感性的互联网和社交媒体平台，改善有风险因素的个体关于HBV的知识缺陷。
