Naghavi Azam, Afsharzada Mohammad Sajjad, Brailovskaia Julia, Teismann Tobias
Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, Herat University, Afghanistan.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Jun 15;307:178-183. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.001. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
On the 15th of August 2021, Kabul was captured by the Taliban, leading to the fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The present study investigated PTSD symptoms, depression, suicide risk and facets of positive mental health in the immediate aftermath of the Taliban take-over.
A total of 214 Afghan university students (73.7% women; age in years: M(SD) = 23.92 (5.77)) took part in this cross-sectional study between August and November 2021. Self-report measures of PTSD, depression, suicide ideation/behavior, positive mental health, social support, and posttraumatic growth were used.
Severe posttraumatic stress disorders symptoms were reported by 70%, clinically relevant depression symptoms were reported by 69.7% and significant suicide ideation/behavior was reported by 38.6% of the sample. Posttraumatic growth moderated the impact of depression on suicide risk. No interaction effects were found for positive mental health and social support.
The study focused on a specific group of highly educated and predominantly female Afghan students limiting the generalizability of the findings.
PTSD symptoms, depression and suicidality show an alarmingly high prevalence in this specific sample of Afghan students. Various protective factors seem to be insufficient to buffer the association between PTSD, depression and suicide risk.
2021年8月15日，喀布尔被塔利班占领，导致阿富汗伊斯兰共和国覆灭。本研究调查了塔利班接管后不久阿富汗大学生的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状、抑郁、自杀风险及积极心理健康的各个方面。
2021年8月至11月期间，共有214名阿富汗大学生（73.7%为女性；年龄：M(标准差)=23.92(5.77)）参与了这项横断面研究。使用了PTSD、抑郁、自杀意念/行为、积极心理健康、社会支持及创伤后成长的自我报告测量方法。
70%的样本报告有严重的创伤后应激障碍症状，69.7%报告有临床相关的抑郁症状，38.6%报告有显著的自杀意念/行为。创伤后成长缓和了抑郁对自杀风险的影响。未发现积极心理健康与社会支持之间存在交互作用。
该研究聚焦于特定的高学历且以女性为主的阿富汗学生群体，限制了研究结果的普遍性。
在这个特定的阿富汗学生样本中，PTSD症状、抑郁和自杀倾向的患病率高得惊人。各种保护因素似乎不足以缓冲PTSD、抑郁与自杀风险之间的关联。
