CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 416, Chengdu 610041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China.
Microbiol Res. 2022 Jun;259:127016. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127016. Epub 2022 Mar 29.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BA) is one of the most promising bacteria for plant growth promotion (PGP) without harmful side effects. As an excellent agent for biofertilizer and biocontrol in agriculture, the PGP mechanisms of BA have been studied extensively. However, these studies have been rarely summarized, although it could hinder a better understanding of BA strains' potential mechanisms and application in agriculture and other fields. Hence, we reviewed in this work the PGP mechanisms of BA and the current limits of BA application in agriculture. First, BA can improve soil nutrient availability, including improving nitrogen supply, solubilizing phosphate and potassium, and producing siderophores. Second, BA can change the soil microbial community and improve the availability of minerals and plant growth conditions. Third, BA can secrete hormones and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with plant cell growth and root development and further improve nutrient uptake by plants. Fourth, BA can enhance plant resistance against biotic stresses from soil pathogens through competition of niches and nutrients, producing substances such as cyclic lipopeptides, polyketides, and VOCs to antagonize pathogens directly, and induction of system resistance of the plants. Similarly, inoculation with BA can promote plant growth by inducing systematic tolerance to abiotic stresses by leading to genetic, chemical, and physical changes in the host plant. We further suggested that, in future studies, more attention should be paid to nutrient uptake mechanisms of plants with advanced techniques in different soil conditions and fields.
解淀粉芽孢杆菌（BA）是一种最有前途的植物促生菌（PGP），没有有害的副作用。作为农业中生物肥料和生物防治的优秀剂，BA 的 PGP 机制已经得到了广泛的研究。然而，这些研究很少被总结，尽管这可能会阻碍对 BA 菌株在农业和其他领域的潜在机制和应用的更好理解。因此，我们在这项工作中综述了 BA 的 PGP 机制以及 BA 在农业中的应用的当前限制。首先，BA 可以改善土壤养分的有效性，包括提高氮素供应、溶解磷酸盐和钾以及产生铁载体。其次，BA 可以改变土壤微生物群落，改善矿物质的有效性和植物生长条件。第三，BA 可以分泌与植物细胞生长和根发育有关的激素和挥发性有机化合物（VOCs），并进一步提高植物对养分的吸收。第四，BA 可以通过与土壤病原体竞争生态位和养分，产生环状脂肽、聚酮和 VOCs 等物质直接拮抗病原体，并诱导植物的系统抗性，从而增强植物对生物胁迫的抗性。同样，接种 BA 可以通过导致宿主植物发生遗传、化学和物理变化，从而诱导对非生物胁迫的系统耐受性，从而促进植物生长。我们进一步建议，在未来的研究中，应更加关注不同土壤条件和领域中利用先进技术的植物的养分吸收机制。
