Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Oleska 22, 45052 Opole, Poland. .
Zootaxa. 2021 Dec 6;5074(1):1-66. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5074.1.1.
Cylapini, as currently circumscribed, is a relatively small group of plant bugs currently comprising 17 genera and 65 species. Most representatives of the tribe are distributed in the New World (10 genera and 47 species) with other members occurring in the Afrotropical, Oriental, and Australian regions. They have primarily tropical and subtropical distributions with only a few members inhabiting temperate regions. This paper provides a taxonomic review of three of the New World Cylapini genera: Cylapinus Carvalho, 1986, Cylapoides Carvalho, 1952, and Peltidocylapus Poppius, 1909. Most species are diagnosed and redescribed. Eight new species are described as new: Cylapinus yasunagai sp. nov., Peltidocylapus calyciformis sp. nov., P. caudatus sp. nov., P. ecuadorensis sp. nov., P. pallidus sp. nov., P. parallelus sp. nov., P. simplex sp. nov., and P. spinosus sp. nov. Cylapus festinabundus Bergroth, 1922 is transferred to Peltidocylapus (comb. nov.). Illustrations of male genitalia, scanning electron micrographs of selected structures of certain species, and an identification key of the genera Cylapinus, Cylapoides and Peltidocylapus are provided. Female genitalia are described and illustrated for the first time for most genera of Cylapini. A cladistic analysis of the tribe based on 81 morphological characters is presented as a contribution to the understanding of the ingroup relationships of Cylapini and its relationships with other groups of Cylapinae. The analysis comprises 30 ingroup species and 15 outgroup species. Both equal- and implied weighting parsimony analyses were used in the phylogenetic reconstruction. This analysis was based solely on morphological characters because an insufficient number of specimens suitable for molecular studies were available for most taxa. The study confirmed a close affinity of the taxa currently included in Cylapini, but the tribe was rendered paraphyletic by inclusion of the tribe Vanniini. The grouping comprising both Cylapini + Vanniini and most of its subordinated clades received low nodal support. Both analyses recovered a decisively supported clade comprising the New World genera Amapacylapus, Cylapus, Peltidocylapus, and Valdasus which accommodate most of the Cylapini species, justifying the recognition of the Cylapus complex suggested by previous authors. The results presented here are discussed and compared with previous phylogenetic hypotheses based on different datasets.
西里巴尼族，如目前所界定的，是一个相对较小的植物蝽群体，目前由 17 个属和 65 个种组成。该部落的大多数代表分布在新世界（10 个属和 47 种），其他成员分布在非洲热带、东方和澳大利亚地区。它们主要分布在热带和亚热带地区，只有少数成员栖息在温带地区。本文对新世界西里巴尼族的三个属进行了分类学综述：西里巴努斯·卡瓦略（Cylapinus Carvalho），1986 年；西里波伊德斯·卡瓦略（Cylapoides Carvalho），1952 年；和佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯·波普乌斯（Peltidocylapus Poppius），1909 年。大多数物种被诊断和重新描述。还描述了 8 个新种：雅苏纳加西里巴努斯（Cylapinus yasunagai）、杯状佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯（Peltidocylapus calyciformis）、尾状佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯（P. caudatus）、厄瓜多尔佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯（P. ecuadorensis）、苍白佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯（P. pallidus）、平行佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯（P. parallelus）、简单佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯（P. simplex）和多刺佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯（P. spinosus）。伯格罗思的西里普斯·费斯汀邦登斯（Cylapus festinabundus）被转移到佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯（Cylapus）（组合新属）。提供了雄性生殖器的插图、某些物种某些结构的扫描电子显微镜照片以及西里巴努斯、西里波伊德斯和佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯属的鉴定钥匙。首次为西里巴尼族的大多数属描述和说明了雌性生殖器。根据 81 个形态特征对该部落进行了系统发育分析，为了解西里巴尼族的内群关系及其与西里巴尼亚科其他群体的关系做出了贡献。该分析包括 30 个内群种和 15 个外群种。在系统发育重建中同时使用了等权和隐含权重简约分析。由于大多数分类群缺乏适合分子研究的足够数量的标本，因此该分析仅基于形态特征。该研究证实了目前包含在西里巴尼族中的类群具有密切的亲缘关系，但由于包括了瓦尼尼族，该部落成为了并系群。包含西里巴尼族+瓦尼尼族及其大多数下属分支的分组得到了低节点支持。两种分析都恢复了一个决定性支持的分支，该分支包含了新世界属阿马帕西里巴努斯、西里普斯、佩尔蒂多西里巴努斯和瓦尔达苏斯，这些属容纳了大多数西里巴尼族物种，证明了之前作者提出的西里普斯复合体的识别是合理的。这里提出的结果进行了讨论，并与基于不同数据集的先前系统发育假设进行了比较。
