Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Invertebr Syst. 2024 Aug;38. doi: 10.1071/IS23013.
The Australian plant bug tribe Austromirini consists of ant-mimetic taxa which are poorly known, with no information of their phylogenetic relationships and ant-mimetic traits. In this study, we examined nearly 1000 ingroup specimens and developed a comprehensive morphological dataset comprising 37 characters, which was analysed both weighted and unweighted, using 'Tree analysis using New Technology' (TNT ) software. A single minimal length phylogenetic tree was found, comprising a monophyletic group of ant-mimetic taxa, that included Myrmecoroides rufescens , Myrmecoridea sp., Kirkaldyella spp. and eight species of a new genus, Carenotus gen. nov. The myrmecomorphic traits of Carenotus and allied ant-mimetic taxa are documented and analysed phylogenetically, in conjunction with genitalic characters. Carenotus is defined by the myrmecomorphic colour patterning of the abdominal venter, whereas the ingroup species relationships are supported by genitalic characters alone. Carenotus is described as new with eight included species as follows: C. arltunga sp. nov., C. louthensis sp. nov., C. luritja sp. nov., C. pullabooka sp. nov., C. scaevolaphilus sp. nov., C. schwartzi sp. nov., C. tanami sp. nov. and C. yuendumu sp. nov. Host plant associations are also documented, ranging from host plant specificity and genus-group preferences to host plant generalism. The distribution of Carenotus species is documented with reference to phytogeographic subregions, with all species being semi-arid and arid dwelling. The male and female genitalia of Kirkaldyella pilosa and K. rugosa are described and illustrated, for comparative and phylogenetic purposes. This research expands our knowledge on the plant bug tribe Austromirini and has broader implications for myrmecomorphic research in the suborder Heteroptera. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2FF9BE23-38A6-42B4-8488-74F216D8237F.
澳大利亚植物蝽族 Austromirini 由模仿蚂蚁的类群组成，这些类群知之甚少，其系统发育关系和模仿蚂蚁的特征均无信息。在这项研究中，我们检查了近 1000 个内群标本，并开发了一个综合形态数据集，其中包含 37 个特征，这些特征使用“新技术的树分析”（TNT）软件进行了加权和非加权分析。发现了一个单一的最短系统发育树，包括一个模仿蚂蚁的类群的单系群，其中包括 Myrmecoroides rufescens、Myrmecoridea sp.、Kirkaldyella spp. 和一个新属的八个物种，Carenotus gen. nov. 记录并分析了 Carenotus 和相关模仿蚂蚁类群的拟态特征，并结合生殖器特征进行了分析。Carenotus 的定义是腹部腹面的拟态颜色模式，而内群物种关系仅由生殖器特征支持。Carenotus 被描述为一个新属，包含八个种，分别是：C. arltunga sp. nov.、C. louthensis sp. nov.、C. luritja sp. nov.、C. pullabooka sp. nov.、C. scaevolaphilus sp. nov.、C. schwartzi sp. nov.、C. tanami sp. nov. 和 C. yuendumu sp. nov. 还记录了寄主植物的联系，范围从寄主植物的特异性和属群偏好到寄主植物的一般性。记录了 Carenotus 物种的分布，并参考了植物地理亚区，所有物种都生活在半干旱和干旱地区。描述并图示了 Kirkaldyella pilosa 和 K. rugosa 的雄性和雌性生殖器，以便进行比较和系统发育分析。这项研究扩展了我们对植物蝽族 Austromirini 的认识，并对半翅目异翅亚目中的拟态研究具有更广泛的意义。ZooBank：urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2FF9BE23-38A6-42B4-8488-74F216D8237F.
