Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Somosaguas Campus, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
IMABIS Foundation, Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Carlos Haya Regional University Hospital, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
Transl Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 7;12(1):146. doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-01920-2.
Alcohol is part of the usual diet of millions of individuals worldwide. However, not all individuals who drink alcohol experience the same effects, nor will everyone develop an alcohol use disorder. Here we propose that the intestinal microbiota (IMB) helps explain the different consumption patterns of alcohol among individuals. 507 humans participated in this study and alcohol consumption and IMB composition were analyzed. On the other hand, in 80 adult male Wistar rats, behavioral tests, alcohol intoxication, fecal transplantation, administration of antibiotics and collection of fecal samples were performed. For identification and relative quantification of bacterial taxa was used the bacterial 16 S ribosomal RNA gene. In humans, we found that heavy episodic drinking is associated with a specific stool type phenotype (type 1, according to Bristol Stool Scale; p < 0.05) and with an increase in the abundance of Actinobacteria (p < 0.05). Next, using rats, we demonstrate that the transfer of IMB from alcohol-intoxicated animals causes an increase in voluntary alcohol consumption in transplant-recipient animals (p < 0.001). The relative quantification data indicate that the genus Porphyromonas could be associated with the effect on voluntary alcohol consumption. We also show that gut microbiota depletion by antibiotics administration causes a reduction in alcohol consumption (p < 0.001) and altered the relative abundance of relevant phyla such as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes or Cyanobacteria (p < 0.05), among others. Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction was performed for multiple comparisons. These studies reveal some of the consequences of alcohol on the IMB and provide evidence that manipulation of IMB may alter voluntary alcohol consumption.
酒精是全世界数百万人日常饮食的一部分。然而，并非所有饮酒的人都有相同的体验，也并非每个人都会发展成酒精使用障碍。在这里，我们提出肠道微生物群（IMB）有助于解释个体之间不同的酒精消费模式。507 名人类参与了这项研究，分析了酒精消费和 IMB 组成。另一方面，在 80 只成年雄性 Wistar 大鼠中进行了行为测试、酒精中毒、粪便移植、抗生素给药和粪便样本收集。细菌 16S 核糖体 RNA 基因用于细菌分类和相对定量。在人类中，我们发现重度间歇性饮酒与特定的粪便类型表型（根据布里斯托尔粪便量表为 1 型；p<0.05）和放线菌丰度增加有关（p<0.05）。接下来，我们使用大鼠证明，来自酒精中毒动物的 IMB 转移会导致移植受者动物自愿饮酒增加（p<0.001）。相对定量数据表明，卟啉单胞菌属可能与自愿饮酒的影响有关。我们还表明，抗生素给药引起的肠道微生物群耗竭会导致酒精消耗减少（p<0.001），并改变相关门的相对丰度，如厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门或蓝藻门（p<0.05）等。进行了 Benjamini-Hochberg 假发现率（FDR）校正以进行多次比较。这些研究揭示了酒精对 IMB 的一些影响，并提供了证据表明对 IMB 的操纵可能会改变自愿饮酒。
