Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Nutrients. 2020 Nov 10;12(11):3444. doi: 10.3390/nu12113444.
High consumption of fructose and high-fructose corn syrup is related to the development of obesity-associated metabolic diseases, which have become the most relevant diet-induced diseases. However, the influences of a high-fructose diet on gut microbiota are still largely unknown. We therefore examined the effect of short-term high-fructose consumption on the human intestinal microbiota. Twelve healthy adult women were enrolled in a pilot intervention study. All study participants consecutively followed four different diets, first a low fructose diet (< 10 g/day fructose), then a fruit-rich diet (100 g/day fructose) followed by a low fructose diet (10 g/day fructose) and at last a high-fructose syrup (HFS) supplemented diet (100 g/day fructose). Fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. A high-fructose fruit diet significantly shifted the human gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of the phylum , in which beneficial butyrate producing bacteria such as , and were elevated, and decreasing the abundance of the phylum including the genus . An HFS diet induced substantial differences in microbiota composition compared to the fruit-rich diet leading to a lower and a higher abundance as well as reduced abundance of the genus . Compared to a low-fructose diet we observed a decrease of and after the HFS diet. Abundance of positively correlated with plasma cholesterol and LDL level, whereas abundance of was negatively correlated. Different formulations of high-fructose diets induce distinct alterations in gut microbiota composition. High-fructose intake by HFS causes a reduction of beneficial butyrate producing bacteria and a gut microbiota profile that may affect unfavorably host lipid metabolism whereas high consumption of fructose from fruit seems to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota in a beneficial way supporting digestive health and counteracting harmful effects of excessive fructose.
高果糖和高果糖玉米糖浆的大量摄入与肥胖相关代谢疾病的发展有关，这些疾病已成为与饮食相关的最重要的疾病。然而，高果糖饮食对肠道微生物群的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。因此，我们研究了短期高果糖摄入对人类肠道微生物群的影响。12 名健康成年女性参与了一项初步干预研究。所有研究参与者连续遵循四种不同的饮食，首先是低果糖饮食（<10g/天果糖），然后是富含水果的饮食（100g/天果糖），接着是低果糖饮食（10g/天果糖），最后是补充高果糖糖浆（HFS）的饮食（100g/天果糖）。通过 16S rRNA 测序分析粪便微生物群。高果糖水果饮食通过增加门的丰度显著改变了人类肠道微生物群，其中有益的但丁酸产生菌如、和等升高，而包括属在内的门的丰度降低。与富含水果的饮食相比，HFS 饮食诱导的微生物群落组成差异很大，导致较低的丰度和较高的丰度，以及属的丰度降低。与低果糖饮食相比，我们观察到 HFS 饮食后和的丰度降低。与血浆胆固醇和 LDL 水平呈正相关，而与呈负相关。不同配方的高果糖饮食会导致肠道微生物群组成的明显改变。通过 HFS 摄入高果糖会导致有益的丁酸产生菌减少，肠道微生物群谱可能会不利地影响宿主脂质代谢，而从水果中大量摄入果糖似乎会以有益的方式调节肠道微生物群的组成，支持消化健康并抵消过量果糖的有害影响。
