Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Curr Microbiol. 2022 Apr 9;79(5):155. doi: 10.1007/s00284-022-02842-4.
Agrochemical application in the oil palm industry has been estimated to be the largest component amounting to almost 30% of the operational costing. Therefore, there is a huge pressure in the oil palm cultivation to exercise sustainable practices, preferably using cheaper alternatives such as biofertilizers and organic substrates. This study investigates the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and endophytic bacteria applied independently and in combination on oil palm growth and nutrient uptake. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted with plant responses assessed through growth parameters. Greenhouse plants were significantly stimulated by AM fungi, Rhizophagus intraradices UT126 (M1), through single microbe application. An increase of 36% in leaf area was noted in M1 plants while the calcium (Ca) uptake in leaves increased by 11%. There was no significant improvement in overall nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium (NPK) uptake but a significant improvement of Ca measurement in greenhouse and field was observed in the leaves. The predicted synergism between mixed inocula of M1 and R. clarus BR152B (M2) on vegetative growth was not observed, suggesting the probability of interspecies incompatibility that requires further investigation. Growth readings in plants treated with the combination of M1-M2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa UPMP3 in the field were highest without a significant difference as compared to single application of M1. The difference in readings for field and greenhouse may have been influenced by other external factors such as soil type, rhizospheric microbial community, and climate, and therefore requires further elucidation. These findings suggest R. intraradices UT126 as a promising biostimulant candidate in sustainable agronomic practices especially in the nursery practices.
农业化学品在油棕产业中的应用估计是最大的组成部分，占运营成本的近 30%。因此，油棕种植面临着巨大的压力，需要采取可持续的做法，最好使用生物肥料和有机基质等更便宜的替代品。本研究调查了单独和组合应用丛枝菌根（AM）真菌和内生细菌对油棕生长和养分吸收的影响。通过生长参数评估植物的响应，进行了温室和田间研究。温室植物通过单一微生物应用受到 AM 真菌 Rhizophagus intraradices UT126（M1）的显著刺激。M1 植物的叶面积增加了 36%，叶片中的钙（Ca）吸收增加了 11%。整体氮、磷、钾（NPK）吸收没有显著改善，但在温室和田间观察到叶片中 Ca 测量有显著改善。混合接种 M1 和 R. clarus BR152B（M2）对营养生长的预测协同作用没有观察到，这表明存在种间不相容的可能性，需要进一步研究。在田间用 M1-M2 和 Pseudomonas aeruginosa UPMP3 组合处理的植物生长读数最高，与单独应用 M1 相比没有显著差异。田间和温室读数的差异可能受到其他外部因素的影响，如土壤类型、根际微生物群落和气候，因此需要进一步阐明。这些发现表明 Rhizophagus intraradices UT126 是可持续农业实践中一种有前途的生物刺激剂候选物，特别是在苗圃实践中。
