Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai, 600119, Tamilnadu, India.
Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai, 600119, Tamilnadu, India.
Environ Res. 2022 Sep;212(Pt B):113202. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113202. Epub 2022 Apr 6.
The presence and longevity of nanomaterials in the ecosystem, as well as their properties, account for environmental toxicity. When nanomaterials in terrestrial and aquatic systems are exposed to the prevailing environmental conditions, they undergo various transformations such as dissociation, dissolution, and aggregation, which affects the food chain. The toxicity of nanomaterials is influenced by a variety of factors, including environmental factors and its physico-chemical characteristics. Bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and biomagnification are the mechanisms that have been identified for determining the fate of nanomaterials. The route taken by nanomaterials to reach living cells provides us with information about their toxicity profile. This review discusses the recent advances in the transport, transformation, and fate of nanomaterials after they are released into the environment. The review also discusses how nanoparticles affect lower trophic organisms through direct contact, the impact of nanoparticles on higher trophic organisms, and the possible options for remediation.
纳米材料在生态系统中的存在和持久性及其特性导致了环境毒性。当陆地和水生系统中的纳米材料暴露于普遍的环境条件下时，它们会经历各种转化，如解离、溶解和聚集，从而影响食物链。纳米材料的毒性受多种因素的影响，包括环境因素及其物理化学特性。生物积累、生物转化和生物放大是确定纳米材料命运的机制。纳米材料到达活细胞的途径为我们提供了有关其毒性特征的信息。本综述讨论了纳米材料释放到环境中后在环境中的迁移、转化和归宿的最新进展。本综述还讨论了纳米颗粒如何通过直接接触影响低营养级生物，以及纳米颗粒对高营养级生物的影响，以及可能的修复选择。
