Al Dossary Reem A, Althuwaiqeb Sarah, Alkharsah Khaled R, Wanni Nahid H O, Hunasemaranda Basavaraja C, Obeid Obeid E, Siddiqui Zaheenul Islam, El-Badry Ayman A, Al Qahtani Nourah Hasan
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Gen Med. 2022 Apr 2;15:3605-3611. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S353867. eCollection 2022.
Rubella is considered one of the most serious and most common congenital infections. Despite global efforts for elimination, rubella cases are still being reported in many parts of the world. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of immunity to rubella in the community and most importantly among women at childbearing age in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia and compare it with the target set by the World Health Organization (WHO) along with the incidence of acute rubella infection and the associated congenital rubella infection and congenital rubella syndrome.
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study over the six years period (Jan 2014-Jun 2020) on all individuals tested for rubella IgM and IgG in a university teaching hospital.
Nighty one percent (15,894/17,469) of the population tested showed evidence of rubella immunity with 8.8% (1546/17,469) being susceptible. Among women at childbearing age, susceptibility to rubella was higher with 9.2% (1220/13,278) of women showing no evidence of immunity. In addition, acute rubella infection was reported for 0.17% (29/17,469) of the population tested and 0.15% (20/13,278) in women at childbearing age. No cases of congenital rubella infection were reported in the study period.
The level of Rubella immunity in the population is 91% and is less than the WHO target for rubella control therefore, risk of resurge of cases is present, indicating the need for continued national surveillance and more efforts to improve vaccination coverage in the kingdom.
风疹被认为是最严重且最常见的先天性感染之一。尽管全球都在努力消除风疹，但世界许多地区仍有风疹病例报告。本研究的目的是确定沙特阿拉伯东部省份社区人群尤其是育龄妇女的风疹免疫水平，并将其与世界卫生组织（WHO）设定的目标进行比较，同时了解急性风疹感染以及相关先天性风疹感染和先天性风疹综合征的发病率。
这是一项回顾性横断面研究，对一所大学教学医院在六年期间（2014年1月至2020年6月）所有进行风疹IgM和IgG检测的个体展开研究。
接受检测的人群中，91%（15894/17469）显示有风疹免疫力，8.8%（1546/17469）易感。在育龄妇女中，风疹易感性更高，9.2%（1220/13278）的妇女没有免疫力证据。此外，接受检测的人群中0.17%（29/17469）报告有急性风疹感染，育龄妇女中这一比例为0.15%（20/13278）。研究期间未报告先天性风疹感染病例。
人群中的风疹免疫水平为91%，低于WHO的风疹控制目标，因此存在病例复发的风险，这表明该国需要持续进行国家监测，并加大力度提高疫苗接种覆盖率。
