Shi Yifan, Wang Peng, Zhou Da, Huang Longchang, Zhang Li, Gao Xuejin, Maitiabula Gulisudumu, Wang Siwen, Wang Xinying
Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Mar 25;13:827071. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.827071. eCollection 2022.
Exercise can directly alter the gut microbiome at the compositional and functional metabolic levels, which in turn may beneficially influence physical performance. However, data how the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome change, and how they interact in soldiers who commonly undergo sustained military training are limited. To address this issue, we first performed 16S rRNA sequencing to assess the gut microbial community patterns in a cohort of 80 soldiers separated into elite soldiers (ES, = 40) and non-elite soldiers (N-ES, = 40). We observed that the α-diversities of the ES group were higher than those of the N-ES group. As for both taxonomical structure and phenotypic compositions, elite soldiers were mainly characterized by an increased abundance of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including , , and , as well as a higher proportion of oxidative stress tolerant microbiota. The taxonomical signatures of the gut microbiome were significantly correlated with soldier performance. To further investigate the metabolic activities of the gut microbiome, using an untargeted metabolomic method, we found that the ES and N-ES groups displayed significantly different metabolic profiles and differential metabolites were primarily involved in the metabolic network of carbohydrates, energy, and amino acids, which might contribute to an enhanced exercise phenotype. Furthermore, these differences in metabolites were strongly correlated with the altered abundance of specific microbes. Finally, by integrating multi-omics data, we identified a shortlist of bacteria-metabolites associated with physical performance, following which a random forest classifier was established based on the combinatorial biomarkers capable of distinguishing between elite and non-elite soldiers with high accuracy. Our findings suggest possible future modalities for improving physical performance through targeting specific bacteria associated with more energetically efficient metabolic patterns.
运动可以在组成和功能代谢水平上直接改变肠道微生物群，这反过来可能对身体表现产生有益影响。然而，关于在经常接受持续军事训练的士兵中肠道微生物群和粪便代谢组如何变化以及它们如何相互作用的数据有限。为了解决这个问题，我们首先对80名士兵进行了16S rRNA测序，以评估肠道微生物群落模式，这些士兵分为精英士兵（ES，n = 40）和非精英士兵（N-ES，n = 40）。我们观察到ES组的α多样性高于N-ES组。在分类结构和表型组成方面，精英士兵的主要特征是产生短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的细菌丰度增加，包括[具体细菌名称未给出]、[具体细菌名称未给出]和[具体细菌名称未给出]，以及对氧化应激耐受性更高的微生物群比例。肠道微生物群的分类特征与士兵表现显著相关。为了进一步研究肠道微生物群的代谢活性，我们使用非靶向代谢组学方法发现，ES组和N-ES组表现出显著不同的代谢谱，差异代谢物主要参与碳水化合物、能量和氨基酸的代谢网络，这可能有助于增强运动表型。此外，这些代谢物的差异与特定微生物丰度的改变密切相关。最后，通过整合多组学数据，我们确定了一份与身体表现相关的细菌-代谢物清单，随后基于能够高精度区分精英和非精英士兵的组合生物标志物建立了随机森林分类器。我们的研究结果为通过靶向与更高效能量代谢模式相关的特定细菌来改善身体表现提供了可能的未来模式。
