Rocchetti Gabriele, Senizza Biancamaria, Zengin Gokhan, Bonini Paolo, Bontempo Luana, Camin Federica, Trevisan Marco, Lucini Luigi
Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Mar 25;13:856513. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.856513. eCollection 2022.
In this work, the impact of terroir, cultivar, seasonality, and farming systems on functional traits of tomato was hierarchically investigated. Untargeted metabolomics, antioxidant capacity, colorimetric assays, and enzyme inhibition were determined. The total phenolic and carotenoid contents significantly varied between growing years, whereas an interaction between the farming system and growing year ( < 0.01) was observed for total phenolics, carotenoids, and flavonoids, and for acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Hierarchical clustering showed that geographical origin and growing year were the major contributors to the differences in phytochemical profiles. Nonetheless, supervised modeling allowed highlighting the effect of the farming system. Several antioxidants (L-ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and 7,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone) decreased, whereas the alkaloid emetine and phytoalexin phenolics increased under organic farming. Taken together, our findings indicate that cultivar and pedo-climatic conditions are the main determinants for the functional quality of tomato, whereas the farming system plays a detectable but hierarchically lower.
在本研究中，我们分层研究了风土、品种、季节变化和种植系统对番茄功能特性的影响。测定了非靶向代谢组学、抗氧化能力、比色分析和酶抑制作用。不同生长年份间总酚和类胡萝卜素含量差异显著，而在总酚、类胡萝卜素、黄酮类化合物以及乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制方面，观察到种植系统与生长年份之间存在相互作用（<0.01）。层次聚类分析表明，地理起源和生长年份是植物化学特征差异的主要影响因素。尽管如此，监督建模突出了种植系统的影响。在有机种植条件下，几种抗氧化剂（L-抗坏血酸、α-生育酚和7,3',4'-三羟基黄酮）含量降低，而生物碱吐根碱和植物抗毒素酚类物质含量增加。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，品种和土壤气候条件是番茄功能品质的主要决定因素，而种植系统虽有可检测到的影响，但在层次结构中作用较小。
