Georgakopoulou Vasiliki Epameinondas, Avramopoulos Pantelis, Papalexis Petros, Bitsani Aikaterini, Damaskos Christos, Garmpi Anna, Venetikou Maria S, Paramythiotis Daniel, Karlafti Eleni, Sklapani Pagona, Trakas Nikolaos, Spandidos Demetrios A
Pulmonology Department, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
First Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athen, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Exp Ther Med. 2022 May;23(5):346. doi: 10.3892/etm.2022.11276. Epub 2022 Mar 23.
Low levels of serum calcium, elevated levels of serum phosphorus and absent or abnormally low levels of serum parathyroid hormone characterize hypoparathyroidism, a rare endocrine deficiency illness. Hypoparathyroidism is caused by injury to the parathyroid gland as a result of surgery or autoimmune disease. In addition, hypoparathyroidism may develop due to genetic causes or infiltrative diseases. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is characterized by multi-organ involvement, including the dysfunction of endocrine glands. Previous studies have demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces endocrine tissue damage via various mechanisms, including direct cell damage from viral entry to the glands by binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptors and replication, vasculitis, arterial and venous thrombosis, hypoxic cell damage, immune response and the cytokine storm. The effects of the new coronavirus, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the parathyroid glands have received limited attention. Hypoparathyroidism has been observed in a small number of individuals as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study describes the case of a patient with primary hypoparathyroidism induced by COVID-19. Clinicians should also keep in mind that, despite the fact that SARS-CoV-2 has no known tropism for the parathyroid glands, it can result in primary hypoparathyroidism and decompensation of old primary hypoparathyroidism.
低血钙水平、高血磷水平以及甲状旁腺激素水平缺失或异常降低是甲状旁腺功能减退症的特征，这是一种罕见的内分泌缺乏疾病。甲状旁腺功能减退症是由手术或自身免疫性疾病导致甲状旁腺受损引起的。此外，甲状旁腺功能减退症也可能由于遗传原因或浸润性疾病而发生。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的特征是多器官受累，包括内分泌腺功能障碍。先前的研究表明，SARS-CoV-2感染通过多种机制诱导内分泌组织损伤，包括病毒通过与血管紧张素转换酶2受体结合进入腺体并复制导致的直接细胞损伤、血管炎、动静脉血栓形成、缺氧性细胞损伤、免疫反应和细胞因子风暴。新型冠状病毒，即2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对甲状旁腺的影响受到的关注有限。少数个体因SARS-CoV-2感染出现了甲状旁腺功能减退症。本研究描述了一例由COVID-19诱发的原发性甲状旁腺功能减退症患者的病例。临床医生还应牢记，尽管SARS-CoV-2对甲状旁腺没有已知的嗜性，但它可导致原发性甲状旁腺功能减退症以及旧有的原发性甲状旁腺功能减退症失代偿。
