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双重接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的个体和接受 COVID-19 康复者加强针接种的个体的体液免疫。

Humoral immunity in dually vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals and in booster-vaccinated COVID-19-convalescent subjects.

机构信息

Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

Kliniken Südostbayern AG, Klinikum Traunstein, Traunstein, Germany.

出版信息

Infection. 2022 Dec;50(6):1475-1481. doi: 10.1007/s15010-022-01817-8. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

DOI:10.1007/s15010-022-01817-8
PMID:35403960
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8995884/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

The immune response to COVID-19-vaccination differs between naïve vaccinees and those who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Longitudinal quantitative and qualitative serological differences in these two distinct immunological subgroups in response to vaccination are currently not well studied.

METHODS

We investigate a cohort of SARS-CoV-2-naïve and COVID-19-convalescent individuals immediately after vaccination and 6 months later. We use different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) variants and a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) to measure IgG serum titers, IgA serum reactivity, IgG serum avidity and neutralization capacity by ACE2 receptor competition.

RESULTS

Anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibody titers decline over time in dually vaccinated COVID-19 naïves whereas titers in single dose vaccinated COVID-19 convalescents are higher and more durable. Similarly, antibody avidity is considerably higher among boosted COVID-19 convalescent subjects as compared to dually vaccinated COVID-19-naïve subjects. Furthermore, sera from boosted convalescents inhibited the binding of spike-protein to ACE2 more efficiently than sera from dually vaccinated COVID-19-naïve subjects.

CONCLUSIONS

Long-term humoral immunity differs substantially between dually vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naïve and COVID-19-convalescent individuals. Booster vaccination after COVID-19 induces a more durable humoral immune response in terms of magnitude and quality as compared to two-dose vaccination in a SARS-CoV-2-naïve background.

摘要

背景

COVID-19 疫苗接种引起的免疫反应在初免疫苗接种者和先前感染过 SARS-CoV-2 的人群之间存在差异。目前，对于这两个截然不同的免疫亚群在接种疫苗后的纵向定量和定性血清学差异，研究还不够充分。

方法

我们在接种疫苗后即刻和 6 个月后，对一组 SARS-CoV-2 初免和 COVID-19 康复个体进行研究。我们使用不同的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）变体和替代病毒中和试验（sVNT）来测量 IgG 血清滴度、IgA 血清反应性、IgG 血清亲和力和 ACE2 受体竞争的中和能力。

结果

在双重接种 COVID-19 初免者中，抗受体结合域（RBD）抗体滴度随时间推移而下降，而在单次接种 COVID-19 康复者中，抗体滴度更高且更持久。同样，与双重接种 COVID-19 初免者相比，加强免疫 COVID-19 康复者的抗体亲和力明显更高。此外，与双重接种 COVID-19 初免者的血清相比，来自加强免疫康复者的血清更有效地抑制了 Spike 蛋白与 ACE2 的结合。

结论

在双重接种 SARS-CoV-2 初免者和 COVID-19 康复者之间，长期的体液免疫存在显著差异。与在 SARS-CoV-2 初免背景下进行两剂接种相比，COVID-19 康复后进行加强免疫可诱导更持久的体液免疫应答，无论是在幅度还是质量方面。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/1d8ab01c4d2a/15010_2022_1817_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/f9be65c86e1d/15010_2022_1817_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/6d881a03551a/15010_2022_1817_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/e42f5e2bd684/15010_2022_1817_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/1d8ab01c4d2a/15010_2022_1817_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/f9be65c86e1d/15010_2022_1817_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/6d881a03551a/15010_2022_1817_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/e42f5e2bd684/15010_2022_1817_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/569f/9705493/1d8ab01c4d2a/15010_2022_1817_Fig4_HTML.jpg

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