Persson Filip, Bjar Nora, Hermansson Ann, Gisselsson-Solen Marie
Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Acta Otolaryngol. 2022 Mar-Apr;142(3-4):298-301. doi: 10.1080/00016489.2022.2058708. Epub 2022 Apr 11.
Hearing loss is a common sequela after bacterial meningitis, but risk factors for this are poorly studied, particularly in relation to concurrent acute otitis media (AOM).
The aim of this study was to investigate incidence and risk factors for hearing loss in patients treated for bacterial meningitis.
In this retrospective study, medical records for patients admitted to hospital with bacterial meningitis in Skåne county, Sweden, between 2000 and 2017 were retrieved. The association between risk factors and hearing loss was estimated using logistic regression.
During the 18 years, 187 cases of meningitis were identified. Hearing loss was confirmed in 71 of the 119 patients who had done an audiometry. It was significantly more common in adults. There was also evidence of an association between hearing loss and AOM, and between hearing loss and pneumococcal infection.
Age, concurrent AOM and pneumococcal infection were risk factors for developing hearing loss. Despite being recommended in the national guidelines, more than a third of the patients had not done a hearing test after recovering from bacterial meningitis. The findings strengthen the demand for prompt ear examination and - if needed - tympanocentesis in meningitis patients.
听力损失是细菌性脑膜炎后的常见后遗症，但对此的危险因素研究较少，尤其是与并发急性中耳炎（AOM）相关的因素。
本研究旨在调查接受细菌性脑膜炎治疗的患者听力损失的发生率和危险因素。
在这项回顾性研究中，检索了2000年至2017年期间瑞典斯科讷郡因细菌性脑膜炎入院患者的病历。使用逻辑回归估计危险因素与听力损失之间的关联。
在这18年中，共确诊187例脑膜炎病例。119例进行听力测试的患者中，71例被确诊有听力损失。在成人中更为常见。也有证据表明听力损失与AOM之间以及听力损失与肺炎球菌感染之间存在关联。
年龄、并发AOM和肺炎球菌感染是发生听力损失的危险因素。尽管国家指南中有相关推荐，但超过三分之一的患者在从细菌性脑膜炎康复后未进行听力测试。这些发现强化了对脑膜炎患者进行及时耳部检查以及（如有需要）鼓膜穿刺术的需求。
