Department of Biochemistry, Heritage Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Autonomous State Medical College, Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Rom J Intern Med. 2022 Sep 22;60(3):145-152. doi: 10.2478/rjim-2022-0005. Print 2022 Sep 1.
Improved prognosis and delay of clinical complications in diabetes mellitus can be ensured by early screening and regular monitoring after diagnosis. This requires venipuncture at regular intervals of time causing anxiety and discomfort to the patient. Hence, development of a painless, non-invasive procedure is desirable for which saliva is a potential tool. Also, this would provide easy and cost-effective means for large scale screening and epidemiological intervention. To measure fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and compare and correlate with salivary glucose levels in normal and diabetic individuals. Also, the correlation between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and salivary glucose is studied in the diabetics and controls. Blood and salivary glucose was estimated by GOD-POD method and glycated hemoglobin by HPLC. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS 16. Mean, Standard deviation, independent t test, ANOVA (f test), Pearson's correlation coefficient along with regression analysis was carried out and comparison was done between the control and diabetic groups and the different subgroups within the diabetic group. A significant difference between the salivary glucose levels in subjects indicating that a deranged glycemic status is reflected in saliva. Also, salivary glucose increases in proportion to an increase in the FPG and HbA1C of the diabetics. The regression coefficient was calculated and a formula was derived for prediction of FPG and HbA1c using salivary glucose. Saliva can be used as a screening tool for diabetes. Standardization of the technique and setting up a reference range will also make it useful in diagnosing diabetes mellitus.
通过早期筛查和诊断后的定期监测，可以确保糖尿病患者的预后得到改善并延迟临床并发症的发生。这需要定期进行静脉穿刺，这会给患者带来焦虑和不适。因此，需要开发一种无痛、非侵入性的程序，唾液是一种潜在的工具。此外，这将为大规模筛查和流行病学干预提供简便、经济有效的手段。
测量空腹血浆葡萄糖（FPG），并与正常人和糖尿病患者的唾液葡萄糖水平进行比较和相关分析。此外，还研究了糖尿病患者和对照组中糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）与唾液葡萄糖之间的相关性。
采用 GOD-POD 法测定血糖和糖化血红蛋白，采用 HPLC 法测定唾液葡萄糖。采用 SPSS 16 进行统计学分析。采用均数、标准差、独立 t 检验、方差分析（f 检验）、Pearson 相关系数及回归分析进行分析，并对对照组和糖尿病组以及糖尿病组内不同亚组进行比较。
研究表明，唾液葡萄糖水平在指示患者血糖状态异常方面存在显著差异。此外，糖尿病患者的唾液葡萄糖水平随着 FPG 和 HbA1c 的增加而增加。计算回归系数，并得出使用唾液葡萄糖预测 FPG 和 HbA1c 的公式。
唾液可作为糖尿病的筛查工具。该技术的标准化和建立参考范围也将使其在诊断糖尿病方面具有实用价值。
