Zainudin Mohammad, Diharjo Kuncoro, Kaavessina Mujtahid, Setyanto Djoko, Ubaidillah Ubaidillah
Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia.
Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Mar 22;14(7):1273. doi: 10.3390/polym14071273.
It is difficult to obtain suitable fire resistance and mechanical properties for glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) roof material in industrial applications. Although some efforts to improve the fire resistance properties of GFRP have been carried out, in practice this sometimes degrades the mechanical properties. Therefore, the base materials, such as filler and reinforcing fiber, must be appropriately combined to simultaneously improve both fire resistance and mechanical properties. The present study examines improvements in GFRP roof material by investigating the effect of aluminium trihydrate (ATH) as a filler and the combination of a chopped strand mat (CSM) with woven roving (WR) and stitched mat (STM) fibers as the reinforcement in a composite GFRP roof structure. The roof samples were prepared following industrial machine standards using the specified materials. The mechanical properties of GFRP were evaluated using tensile, flexural and impact tests, following ASTM D638, ASTM D790 and ASTM D256 standards, respectively. The fire properties were examined through fire tests following the ASTM D635 standard. The results show that the GFRP roof composed of CSM/WR fibers had a 40% higher tensile strength (103.5 MPa) compared with the GFRP roof without CSM fibers (73.8 MPa). The flexural strength of the GFRP roof with CSM/WR fibers was also 57% higher than the roof without fibers, with a ratio of 315.61 MPa to 201 MPa. With the use of CSM/WR fibers, the fire resistance also increased by 23%, resulting in a ratio of 4.31 mm/min to 5.32 mm/min. These results demonstrate that the combination of CSM/WR fibers as a reinforcement would be an excellent option for producing an improved GFRP roof with better industrial properties, especially when producing improved GFRP roofs using a continuous lamination machine.
在工业应用中，为玻璃纤维增强聚合物（GFRP）屋顶材料获得合适的耐火性和机械性能是困难的。尽管已经为提高GFRP的耐火性能做出了一些努力，但在实践中这有时会降低机械性能。因此，必须适当地组合诸如填料和增强纤维之类的基础材料，以同时提高耐火性和机械性能。本研究通过研究三水合铝（ATH）作为填料的效果以及短切毡（CSM）与编织粗纱（WR）和缝编毡（STM）纤维的组合作为复合GFRP屋顶结构中的增强材料，来研究GFRP屋顶材料的改进。屋顶样品按照工业机器标准使用指定材料制备。分别按照ASTM D638、ASTM D790和ASTM D256标准，通过拉伸、弯曲和冲击试验评估GFRP的机械性能。通过按照ASTM D635标准进行的燃烧试验来检查防火性能。结果表明，与没有CSM纤维的GFRP屋顶（73.8 MPa）相比，由CSM/WR纤维组成的GFRP屋顶的拉伸强度高40％（103.5 MPa）。具有CSM/WR纤维的GFRP屋顶的弯曲强度也比没有纤维的屋顶高57％，比例为315.61 MPa至201 MPa。使用CSM/WR纤维后，耐火性也提高了23％，比例为4.31 mm/min至5.32 mm/min。这些结果表明，CSM/WR纤维作为增强材料的组合将是生产具有更好工业性能的改进型GFRP屋顶的绝佳选择，尤其是在使用连续层压机生产改进型GFRP屋顶时。
