Josic Uros, Mazzitelli Claudia, Maravic Tatjana, Fidler Ales, Breschi Lorenzo, Mazzoni Annalisa
Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
Dental Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Mar 25;14(7):1334. doi: 10.3390/polym14071334.
Incomplete and inadequate removal of endodontic biofilm during root canal treatment often leads to the clinical failure. Over the past decade, biofilm eradication techniques, such as sonication of irrigant solutions, ultrasonic and laser devices have been investigated in laboratory settings. This review aimed to give an overview of endodontic biofilm cultivation methods described in papers which investigated sonic-, ultrasonic- and Er:Yag laser-assisted biofilm removal techniques. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these removal techniques was discussed, as well as methods used for the evaluation of the cleaning efficacy. In general, laser assisted agitation, as well as ultrasonic and sonic activation of the irrigants provide a more efficient biofilm removal compared to conventional irrigation conducted by syringe/needle. The choice of irrigant is an important factor for reducing the bacterial contamination inside the root canal, with water and saline being the least effective. Due to heterogeneity in methods among the reviewed studies, it is difficult to compare sonic-, ultrasonic- and Er:Yag laser-assisted techniques among each other and give recommendations for the most efficient method in biofilm removal. Future studies should standardize the methodology regarding biofilm cultivation and cleaning methods, root canals with complex morphology should be introduced in research, with the aim of simulating the clinical scenario more closely.
根管治疗过程中根管生物膜清除不完全或不充分常常导致临床治疗失败。在过去十年中，已在实验室环境中对生物膜根除技术进行了研究，如冲洗液的超声处理、超声和激光设备。本综述旨在概述在研究超声、超声和铒激光辅助生物膜清除技术的论文中所描述的根管生物膜培养方法。此外，还讨论了这些清除技术的有效性以及用于评估清洁效果的方法。一般来说，与通过注射器/针头进行的传统冲洗相比，激光辅助搅拌以及冲洗液的超声和超声激活能更有效地清除生物膜。冲洗液的选择是减少根管内细菌污染的一个重要因素，水和盐水的效果最差。由于所综述研究之间方法的异质性，很难相互比较超声、超声和铒激光辅助技术，并就最有效的生物膜清除方法给出建议。未来的研究应规范生物膜培养和清洁方法相关的方法学，研究中应引入具有复杂形态的根管，以便更紧密地模拟临床情况。
