Chaudhury Sidhartha, Bolton Jessica S, Eller Leigh Anne, Robb Merlin, Ake Julie, Ngauy Viseth, Regules Jason A, Kamau Edwin, Bergmann-Leitner Elke S
Center Enabling Capabilities, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
Biologics Research & Development, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 26;11(7):1839. doi: 10.3390/jcm11071839.
Reliably assessing exposure to mosquitoes carrying malaria parasites continues to be a challenge due to the lack of reliable, highly sensitive diagnostics with high-throughput potential. Here, we describe an approach that meets these requirements by simultaneously measuring immune responses to both disease vector and pathogen, using an electro-chemiluminescence-based multiplex assay platform. While using the same logistical steps as a classic ELISA, this platform allows for the multiplexing of up to ten antigens in a single well. This simple, reproducible, quantitative readout reports the magnitude, incidence, and prevalence of malaria infections in residents of malaria-endemic areas. By reporting exposure to both insect vectors and pathogen, the approach also provides insights into the efficacy of drugs and/or other countermeasures deployed against insect vectors aimed at reducing or eliminating arthropod-borne diseases. The high throughput of the assay enables the quick and efficient screening of sera from individuals for exposure to even if they are taking drug prophylaxis. We applied this assay to samples collected from controlled malaria infection studies, as well as those collected in field studies in malaria-endemic regions in Uganda and Kenya. The assay was sensitive to vector exposure, malaria infection, and endemicity, demonstrating its potential for use in malaria serosurveillance.
由于缺乏具有高通量潜力的可靠、高灵敏度诊断方法，可靠评估接触携带疟原虫的蚊子的情况仍然是一项挑战。在此，我们描述了一种方法，该方法通过使用基于电化学发光的多重检测平台同时测量对病媒和病原体的免疫反应，满足了这些要求。虽然该平台使用与经典酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）相同的后勤步骤，但它允许在单个孔中对多达十种抗原进行多重检测。这种简单、可重复的定量读数报告了疟疾流行地区居民疟疾感染的程度、发病率和流行率。通过报告对昆虫病媒和病原体的接触情况，该方法还提供了对旨在减少或消除节肢动物传播疾病的针对昆虫病媒的药物和/或其他对策效果的见解。该检测的高通量能够快速有效地筛查个体血清中是否接触过 ，即使他们正在进行药物预防。我们将该检测应用于从受控疟疾感染研究中收集的样本，以及在乌干达和肯尼亚疟疾流行地区的现场研究中收集的样本。该检测对病媒接触、疟疾感染和地方病敏感，证明了其在疟疾血清学监测中的应用潜力。
