Institute for Technical Logistics, Hamburg University of Technology, 21079 Hamburg, Germany.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Apr 6;22(7):2797. doi: 10.3390/s22072797.
Despite their enormous potential, the use of indoor localization systems (ILS) remains seldom. One reason is the lack of market transparency and stakeholders' trust in the systems' performance as a consequence of insufficient use of test and evaluation (T&E) methodologies. The heterogeneous nature of ILS, their influences, and their applications pose various challenges for the design of a methodology that provides meaningful results. Methodologies for building-wide testing exist, but their use is mostly limited to associated indoor localization competitions. In this work, the is proposed-a methodology for T&E of indoor localization systems in semi-controlled environments based on a system-level and black-box approach. In contrast to building-wide testing, T&E in semi-controlled environments, such as test halls, is characterized by lower costs, higher reproducibility, and better comparability of the results. The limitation of low transferability to real-world applications is addressed by an application-driven design approach. The empirical validation of the , based on the examination of a contour-based light detection and ranging (LiDAR) ILS, an ultra wideband ILS, and a camera-based ILS for the application of automated guided vehicles in warehouse operation, demonstrates the benefits of T&E with the .
尽管室内定位系统（ILS）具有巨大的潜力，但它们的应用仍然很少。原因之一是市场缺乏透明度，利益相关者对系统性能缺乏信任，这是由于测试和评估（T&E）方法的使用不足所致。ILS 的异构性、它们的影响及其应用为设计提供有意义结果的方法带来了各种挑战。存在用于整座建筑物测试的方法，但它们的使用大多仅限于相关的室内定位竞赛。在这项工作中，提出了一种基于系统级和黑盒方法的半受控环境下室内定位系统 T&E 的方法。与整座建筑物测试相比，在测试大厅等半受控环境中进行 T&E 的特点是成本更低、可重复性更高，并且结果更具可比性。通过应用驱动的设计方法解决了向实际应用的低可转移性的限制。基于对基于轮廓的光检测和测距（LiDAR）ILS、超宽带 ILS 和用于仓库操作中自动引导车辆的基于摄像头的 ILS 的检查，对基于系统级和黑盒方法的室内定位系统 T&E 的方法进行了实证验证，展示了 T&E 的好处。
