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水敏光电、电子鼻和电解质渗出监测即食火箭菜在储存过程中的质量变化。

Aquaphotomic, E-Nose and Electrolyte Leakage to Monitor Quality Changes during the Storage of Ready-to-Eat Rocket.

机构信息

Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 20133 Milano, Italy.

Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.

出版信息

Molecules. 2022 Mar 30;27(7):2252. doi: 10.3390/molecules27072252.

DOI:10.3390/molecules27072252
PMID:35408652
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9000777/
Abstract

The consumption of ready-to-eat (RTE) leafy vegetables has increased rapidly due to changes in consumer diet. RTE products are perceived as fresh, high-quality, and health-promoting. The monitoring of the RTE quality is crucial in relation to safety issues. This study aimed to evaluate the maintenance of RTE rocket salad freshness packed under modified atmospheres. A portable E-nose, the electrolyte leakage test (which measures the index of leaf damage-I), and NIR spectroscopy and Aquaphotomics were employed. Two trials were carried out, using the following gas mixtures: (A) atmospheric air (21% O, 78% N); (B) 30% O, 70% N; (C) 10% CO, 5% O, 85% N. Samples were stored at 4 °C and analyzed at 0, 1, 4, 7, 11, and 13 days. ANOVA, PCA, PLS were applied for data processing. E-nose and I results identified the B atmosphere as the best for maintaining product freshness. NIR spectroscopy was able to group the samples according to the storage time. Aquaphotomics proved to be able to detect changes in the water structure during storage. These preliminary data showed a good agreement NIR/I suggesting the use of NIR for non-destructive monitoring of the damage to the plant membranes of RTE rocket salad.

摘要

由于消费者饮食的变化，即食（RTE）叶类蔬菜的消费迅速增加。RTE 产品被认为是新鲜、高质量和促进健康的。RTE 质量的监测对于安全问题至关重要。本研究旨在评估在改良气氛下包装的 RTE 火箭沙拉的新鲜度保持情况。使用便携式电子鼻、电解质泄漏试验（测量叶片损伤指数-I）、近红外光谱和 Aquaphotomics 进行了两项试验，使用以下气体混合物：（A）大气空气（21% O、78% N）；（B）30% O、70% N；（C）10% CO、5% O、85% N。样品在 4°C 下储存，并在 0、1、4、7、11 和 13 天进行分析。应用 ANOVA、PCA 和 PLS 进行数据处理。电子鼻和 I 结果表明，B 气氛最适合保持产品新鲜度。近红外光谱能够根据储存时间对样品进行分组。Aquaphotomics 证明能够检测储存过程中水分结构的变化。这些初步数据表明，近红外/I 的一致性很好，表明可以使用近红外光谱对 RTE 火箭沙拉植物细胞膜的损伤进行非破坏性监测。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/810e160eb3ef/molecules-27-02252-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/e0e9af244e10/molecules-27-02252-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/51e5a71c5f64/molecules-27-02252-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/9f6df1369219/molecules-27-02252-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/2b8435fe39b3/molecules-27-02252-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/8e1f2b36db57/molecules-27-02252-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/4b03dce64232/molecules-27-02252-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/f14b5f699f2e/molecules-27-02252-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/68adfc4f3010/molecules-27-02252-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/682bad92a4bb/molecules-27-02252-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/810e160eb3ef/molecules-27-02252-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/e0e9af244e10/molecules-27-02252-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/51e5a71c5f64/molecules-27-02252-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/9f6df1369219/molecules-27-02252-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/2b8435fe39b3/molecules-27-02252-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/8e1f2b36db57/molecules-27-02252-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/4b03dce64232/molecules-27-02252-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/f14b5f699f2e/molecules-27-02252-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/68adfc4f3010/molecules-27-02252-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/682bad92a4bb/molecules-27-02252-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2971/9000777/810e160eb3ef/molecules-27-02252-g010.jpg

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