Adamczyk Magdalena, Wender-Ozegowska Ewa, Kedzia Malgorzata
Department of Reproduction, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 30;23(7):3804. doi: 10.3390/ijms23073804.
Eutopic endometrium in patients with endometriosis is characterized by aberrant expression of essential genes during the implantation window. It predisposes to disturbance of endometrial receptivity. The pathomechanism of implantation failures in women with endometriosis remains unclear. This paper aims to summarize the knowledge on epigenetic mechanisms in eutopic endometrium in the group of patients with both endometriosis and infertility. The impaired DNA methylation patterns of gene promoter regions in eutopic tissue was established. The global profile of histone acetylation and methylation and the analysis of selected histone modifications showed significant differences in the endometrium of women with endometriosis. Aberrant expression of the proposed candidate genes may promote an unfavorable embryonic implantation environment of the endometrium due to an immunological dysfunction, inflammatory reaction, and apoptotic response in women with endometriosis. The role of the newly discovered proteins regulating gene expression, i.e., TET proteins, in endometrial pathology is not yet completely known. The cells of the eutopic endometrium in women with endometriosis contain a stable, impaired methylation pattern and a histone code. Medication targeting critical genes responsible for the aberrant gene expression pattern in eutopic endometrium may help treat infertility in women with endometriosis.
子宫内膜异位症患者的在位内膜在着床窗期存在关键基因的异常表达。这使其易于出现子宫内膜容受性的紊乱。子宫内膜异位症女性着床失败的发病机制仍不清楚。本文旨在总结子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症患者在位内膜的表观遗传机制相关知识。已证实在位组织中基因启动子区域的DNA甲基化模式受损。组蛋白乙酰化和甲基化的整体概况以及对选定组蛋白修饰的分析表明，子宫内膜异位症女性的子宫内膜存在显著差异。由于子宫内膜异位症女性存在免疫功能障碍、炎症反应和凋亡反应，所提出的候选基因的异常表达可能会促进子宫内膜形成不利于胚胎着床的环境。新发现的调节基因表达的蛋白质，即TET蛋白，在子宫内膜病理中的作用尚未完全明确。子宫内膜异位症女性的在位内膜细胞含有稳定但受损的甲基化模式和组蛋白编码。针对在位内膜中负责异常基因表达模式的关键基因的药物治疗可能有助于治疗子宫内膜异位症女性的不孕症。
