Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety and Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 24;19(7):3862. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19073862.
The current study aimed to investigate temporal trends of serum organochlorine pesticide (OCP) concentrations in the general United States population, approximately 30 years after the prohibition of OCP usage, by using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. The least square geometric means and percent change in OCP concentrations were calculated by a survey weighted multiple linear regression model. Over 2005-2016, OCP concentrations showed significant downward temporal trends. Females had substantially higher concentrations of β-Hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT, but lower concentrations of Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and trans-nonachlor. In addition, females had a more rapid decrease in p,p'-DDT levels over time than males. The overall OCP concentrations increased with age, and the two oldest age groups (aged 40-59 and 60+ years) had substantially lower rates of decrease than the younger age groups (aged 12-39 years). Concentrations and declines in OCPs (except for trans-nonachlor) were higher in Mexican Americans than both non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks. There is a particular need for the ongoing monitoring of these banned chemicals, and measures should be taken to mitigate the exposure of vulnerable populations, including adults aged over 60, Mexican Americans, females for β-HCH, p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT, and males for HCB and trans-nonachlor.
本研究旨在通过使用国家健康和营养调查数据，在禁止使用有机氯农药 (OCP) 约 30 年后，调查美国普通人群血清 OCP 浓度的时间趋势。通过调查加权多元线性回归模型计算 OCP 浓度的最小二乘几何均数和百分比变化。2005 年至 2016 年期间，OCP 浓度呈显著下降的时间趋势。女性β-六氯环己烷 (β-HCH)、p,p'-DDE 和 p,p'-DDT 的浓度明显较高，但六氯苯 (HCB) 和反式-十氯酮的浓度较低。此外，女性体内的 p,p'-DDT 水平随时间下降的速度比男性快。OCP 浓度随年龄增长而增加，两个最年长的年龄组（40-59 岁和 60 岁以上）的下降速度明显低于年轻年龄组（12-39 岁）。OCP（除反式-十氯酮外）的浓度和下降率在墨西哥裔美国人中均高于非西班牙裔白人和非西班牙裔黑人。这些禁用化学品需要持续监测，应采取措施减轻包括 60 岁以上成年人、墨西哥裔美国人、女性（β-HCH、p,p'-DDE 和 p,p'-DDT）和男性（HCB 和反式-十氯酮）在内的弱势群体的暴露风险。
