Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 30;19(7):4084. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074084.
Carcinogenic effects of tobacco smoke may affect breast tumorigenesis. To assess whether cigarette smoking is associated with breast cancer characteristics, we investigated the relationships between smoking, pathological characteristics, and outcomes in 2153 women diagnosed with breast cancer 2001-2016. Patients were classified as never, former, or current smokers at the time of diagnosis. Logistic regression and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis were performed to determine whether smoking was associated with tumor characteristics. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted to compare former or current smokers to never smokers in survival with adjustment for the potential confounders. The majority of women (61.8%) never smoked, followed by former smokers (26.2%) and current smokers (12.0%). After adjustment for demographic variables, body mass index, and comorbidities, tumor characteristics were not significantly associated with smoking status or pack-years smoked. Ten-year overall survival was significantly lower for former and current smokers compared to never smokers ( = 0.0105). However, breast cancer specific survival did not differ significantly between groups ( = 0.1606). Although cigarette smoking did not alter the underlying biology of breast tumors or breast cancer-specific survival, overall survival was significantly worse in smokers, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation in the recently diagnosed breast cancer patient.
烟草烟雾的致癌作用可能会影响乳腺癌的发生。为了评估吸烟是否与乳腺癌特征有关，我们调查了 2001-2016 年间诊断为乳腺癌的 2153 名女性的吸烟情况、病理特征和结局之间的关系。患者在诊断时被分为从不吸烟、曾经吸烟和当前吸烟。采用 logistic 回归和多变量 Cox 比例风险分析来确定吸烟是否与肿瘤特征有关。采用多变量 Cox 比例风险分析，对调整潜在混杂因素后的生存情况进行比较，比较了曾经或现在吸烟者与从不吸烟者的差异。大多数女性（61.8%）从不吸烟，其次是曾经吸烟者（26.2%）和现在吸烟者（12.0%）。在调整了人口统计学变量、体重指数和合并症后，肿瘤特征与吸烟状态或吸烟包年数之间没有显著相关性。与从不吸烟者相比，曾经吸烟者和现在吸烟者的 10 年总生存率显著降低（=0.0105）。然而，各组之间的乳腺癌特异性生存率没有显著差异（=0.1606）。尽管吸烟并没有改变乳腺癌肿瘤的潜在生物学或乳腺癌特异性生存率，但吸烟者的总生存率明显较差，突出了在最近诊断为乳腺癌的患者中戒烟的重要性。
