Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 3;19(7):4293. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074293.
In coastal rivers with various human and damming activities (reservoir), the cycle and biogeochemistry of environmental pollutants in river systems has been modified. A total of 42 suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples were obtained in Jiulongjiang River, southeast China to investigate the concentration, sources, behavior, and risks of nine potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in SPM. The results of metals concentration showed relatively large variation, major for Mn and minor for Co; Mn > Zn > V > Pb > Cr > Ni > Cu > Cd > Co. Multi-index evaluation reflected that most of the PTEs are minor enrichment/moderately polluted. The Cd is defined as extremely severe enrichment/polluted level, and the Pb and Zn as minor enrichment/moderately polluted levels. Among the selected PTEs, Cd and Zn are identified as the main toxic factors of SPM with a contribution of 57 ± 18% and 14 ± 7% to the total toxic risk. The sources identification suggested that human inputs may be the primary potential source of Cd, Zn, Pb, and Co, whereas natural sources (e.g., rock weathering) are likely to be responsible for Cu, Cr, V, and Ni. In contrast, the data suggested that Mn may be attributed to both natural and anthropogenic inputs. The PTEs among dissolved, suspended, and sediment phases reflected the transportation behavior and different potential risk levels. Overall, the PTE geochemistry of river SPM can act as a good indicator of the driving mechanism of PTEs’ accumulation and provide a powerful support for controlling riverine PTEs-related pollution in coastal regions.
在中国东南沿海的九龙江流域，由于受到各种人为和筑坝活动（水库）的影响，河流系统中的环境污染物的循环和生物地球化学过程发生了改变。本研究共采集了 42 个悬浮颗粒物（SPM）样本，以调查九龙江流域 SPM 中 9 种潜在有毒元素（PTEs）的浓度、来源、行为和风险。金属浓度的结果表明，Mn 的浓度变化较大，Co 的浓度变化较小；Mn＞Zn＞V＞Pb＞Cr＞Ni＞Cu＞Cd＞Co。多指标评价表明，大多数 PTEs 处于轻微富集/中度污染水平。其中 Cd 为极度严重富集/污染水平，Pb 和 Zn 为轻微富集/中度污染水平。在所选择的 PTEs 中，Cd 和 Zn 被确定为 SPM 的主要毒性因素，对总毒性风险的贡献率分别为 57±18%和 14±7%。来源识别表明，人类活动可能是 Cd、Zn、Pb 和 Co 的主要潜在来源，而自然来源（如岩石风化）可能是 Cu、Cr、V 和 Ni 的主要来源。相比之下，Mn 可能同时受到自然和人为输入的影响。溶解相、悬浮相和沉积相中 PTEs 的分布反映了其输运行为和不同的潜在风险水平。总的来说，河流 SPM 中的 PTE 地球化学可以作为 PTEs 积累的驱动机制的良好指标，为控制沿海地区河流 PTEs 相关污染提供有力支持。
